ࡱ> %   !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~Root EntryFMatOSTl?@hyMMMN0 B4ND FMicrosoft Works MSWorksDBDocnu  ZT  ZT  ZT   t\TkTkTkTkTvkTkTfTeTeTXeTeT%eT+XeT0XeT2eTNeTOeTQeTVeTaeTeeTieTl%&c&pT.apetalon[T ?hybrid status[T @ noassumedT.apetalon[T @flowering time  345April, May, or June Samejima & Samejima, 1987T.apetalon[T @chromosome number[T @ 2n=20S. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T @geographical area [T @Japan, RussiaMitchell, 1989aT.apetalon[T @ genus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.apetalon[T @subgenus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.apetalon[T @section?T.apetalon[T  @Rafinesque[T @Trilliumbased on #6T.apetalon[T "@PLANT type[T ? herbgenus description T.apetalon[T  $@ foliaceousness[T  ? scapose genus description T.apetalon[T  &@ plant sexuality[T  ? bisexual genus description T.apetalon[T  (@ INFLORESCENSE type[T  ? solitary genus description T.apetalon[T  *@ FLOWERS #[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.apetalon[T  ,@ composition[T  @ sepals + petals genus descriptionT.apetalon[T .@PEDICEL vertical posture[T @above the leavesS. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T 0@root type[T ?rhizomeS. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T 1@rhizome size [T @ thickS. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T 2@STEM habit[T ? erectS. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T 3@vestiture[T ?glabrousS. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T 4@stem color[T ? greenS. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T 5@stem color distribution[T ?throughoutassumedT.apetalon[T 6@LEAF number[T @[T @S. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T 7@leaf location[T ?terminalgenus descriptionT.apetalon[T 8@leaf arrangement[T ?whorledgenus descriptionT.apetalon[T 9@leaf # whorls[T ?[T ?genus descriptionT.apetalon[T :@leaf attachment[T @sessileS. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T ;@leaf shape: widest point 23,depressedly rhombic-ovate or rhombateS. & S., 1987T.apetalon[T <@leafTTS&Tu T VT&Times New Romanu VT&CG Omega Romanu  ZT  ZT  ZT   t\TkTkTkTkTvkTkTfTeTeTXeTeT%eT+XeT0XeT2eTNeTOeTQeTVeTaeTeeTieTleToeTqeTXeTeTeTXeTeTeTeTeTXeTeTeTeTeTeTXeTeTeTeTeTeTHeTKeTceTueTveTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeT$eT'eTAeT^eTbXeTueT}eTeTXeTeTeTeTXeTeTeTeTeTeTeT-eT.eT/eT2eT:eT;eT<eT>eTBeTDeTceTgeTqeTeTeTeTeTeTeT eT(eT)eT*eT?eTGeTJeTLeTMeTgeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeT&eT(eT)eTCeTXXeT`eTreTseTeTeTXeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeT/eT1eT<eT>eTseTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeT eT eTeTeTLeTOeTheTieTseTteTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeT(eTNeTUeTteTueTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeTeT eT eT eT eT6 XeT7 eTB XeTW eTr eT eT XeT eT eTN eTQ eTS eTc eTj eTl eT{ eT} eT eT eT eT eT XeT eT eT eT eT eT eT eT* eT- eTF eTH XeTh eT eT eT eT eT eT XeT eT eT eT eT eT eT eT eT eT eT eT eT" eT# eT8 eTD eTK eTY eTi eTj eTp eTq XeTt 1]T0]TP taxaFے5 num8FےQ characterm paupFے stateFے sourceےT2TWT&Times New RomanQeȡ\\GTTimes New Roman# eTeT2 d~ TdT_TMdeT2 d~_TMdeT2 d~_TMdeT2 d~_TMdeT2 d~_TM~ deT2 d~_TMdeT2 d~$oT3TPTgTz0=/0=/ndtu&c&p#T0=/nd& shape: width (LxW) 345average to very broadbased on ratio: .86-.96T.apetalon[T =@leaf shape: sides 56"rhombic or rhombic-ellipticbased on #27T.apetalon[T >@leaf margin[T ? entireassumedT.apetalon[T ?@leaf color distribution[T ?throughoutassumedT.apetalon[T @@leaf color[T ? greenassumed T.apetalon[T  @@ leaf lower surface[T  @ glabrous assumed!T.apetalon[T !A@!leaf apex type[T !? !entire!assumed"T.apetalon[T "A@"leaf apices "27"cuspidate-acuminate"S. & S., 1987#T.apetalon[T #B@#leaf base type[T #? #entire#assumed$T.apetalon[T $B@$leaf bases $13$cuneate or obtuse$S. & S., 1987%T.apetalon[T %C@%leaf texture %12%herbaceous or membranous%Makino, 1910&T.apetalon[T &C@&leaf # main nerves &23 &3 or 5&S. & S., 1987'T.apetalon[T 'D@''BRACTS [T '? 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entirebased on #67T.camschatcense[T @Q@%stamen form [T ? normalassumedT.camschatcense[T Q@STAMEN number[T @2x sepalsgenus descriptionT.camschatcense[T Q@-stamen fusion [T ? freegenus descriptionT.camschatcense[T R@-stamen transverse posture [T ?straightS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T @R@+stamen vertical posture [T ? erectS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T R@ANTHERS dehiscence[T ?introrseanonymous, 1991T.camschatcense[T R@POLLEN shape[T ?sphericalTakahashi, 1983T.camschatcense[T S@POLLEN aperture[T ?omniaperturateTakahashi, 1983T.camschatcense[T @S@POLLEN ornamentation[T ?granulateTakahashi, 1983T.camschatcense[T S@CONNECTIVE prolongation[T @ noneKato & Kawano, 1995T.camschatcense[T S@FILAMENT color[T ?pale greenS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T T@POLLEN color[T ? yellowS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T @T@1connective color [T ?pale greenS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T T@-stamen color distribution [T @pollen differentbased on #79-81T.camschatcense[T T@%pistil form [T ? normalassumedT.camschatcense[T U@OVARY position[T @superiorgenus descriptionT.camschatcense[T @U@,ovary # locules [T ?[T ?S. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T U@ovary placentation [T @parietalS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T U@ovary shape  14,conical, cylindrical or conical-ovoidS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T V@ovary X-section shape [T @ ridgedS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T @V@,ovary # ribs [T @[T @S. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T V@,ovary apex [T @attenuateS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T V@STYLE presence[T @ absentassumedT.camschatcense[T W@STIGMA number [T ?[T @S. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T @W@-stigma shape ?T.camschatcense[T W@(stigma vertical posture [T ?divergentS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T W@-stigma transverse posture [T @revoluteS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T X@%stigma duration [T @persistentS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T @X@stigma size[T @ thinT.camschatcense[T X@,ovary color  139Cwwhitish yellow or pale greenish yellow with a few or many dark purplish dots or stripes; dark purple at the tipsS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T X@6ovary color distribution  124*throughout, spotted, or geographicbased on #98T.camschatcense[T Y@-stigma color [T @ yellowanonymous, 1991T.camschatcense[T @Y@-stigma color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #100T.camschatcense[T Y@ PISTIL color distribution[T @geographic by partbased on #100T.camschatcense[T Y@&FRUIT type [T ? berryT.camschatcense[T Z@,fruit dehisence [T ?indehiscentT.camschatcense[T @Z@&fruit shape  34ovoid to globoidS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T Z@,fruit color  AB8green with few or many purple dots or dark purpleS. & S., 1987T.camschatcense[T Z@,fruit color distribution  13throughout or spottedbased on #106T.camschatcense[T [@&SEED arils [T ?incompletegenus descriptionT.camschatcense[T @[@endosperm development[T ?helobialassumed -- Zomlefer 1996T.camschatcense[T [@cotyledon shape[T ?strap-likeassumedT.catesbaei[T ?hybrid status[T @ noassumedT.catesbaei[T @flowering time  234March, April, or May Samejima & Samejima, 1987T.catesbaei[T @chromosome number[T ? 2n=10S. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T @geographical area [T @E. North AmericaS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T @ genus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.catesbaei[T @subgenus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.catesbaei[T @section[T 8@ Grandiflorum or Catesbaei%Barksdale, 1938;Gleason, 1906T.catesbaei[T  @Rafinesque[T @DelostylisRafinesqueT.catesbaei[T "@PLANT type[T ? herbgenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T $@foliaceousness[T ?scaposegenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T &@plant sexuality[T ?bisexualgenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T (@INFLORESCENSE type[T ?solitarygenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T *@FLOWERS #[T ?[T ?genus descriptionT.catesbaei[T ,@composition[T @sepals + petalsgenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T .@PEDICEL vertical posture 34horizontal or declinedS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T 0@root type[T ?rhizomeS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T 1@rhizome size [T @slenderpers. obs.T.catesbaei[T 2@STEM habit[T ? erectS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T 3@vestiture[T ?glabrousS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T 4@stem color[T  @%pale green above, purple belowS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T 5@stem color distribution 12throughout or geographicbased on #20T.catesbaei[T 6@LEAF number[T @[T @genus descriptionT.catesbaei[T 7@leaf location[T ?terminalgenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T 8@leaf arrangement[T ?whorledgenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T 9@leaf # whorls[T ?[T ?genus descriptionT.catesbaei[T :@leaf attachment[T ?petiolateS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T ;@leaf shape: widest point 123ovate to oblongS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T <@leaf shape: width (LxW)[T @averagebased on #27T.catesbaei[T =@leaf shape: sides 123elliptic or oblongbased on #27T.catesbaei[T >@leaf margin[T ? entireassumedT.catesbaei[T ?@leaf color distribution[T ?throughoutS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T @@leaf color[T ? greenS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T @@leaf lower surface[T @glabrouspers. obs.T.catesbaei[T A@leaf apex type[T ? entireassumedT.catesbaei[T A@leaf apices 12acuminate or acuteS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T B@leaf base type[T ? entireassumedT.catesbaei[T B@leaf bases[T @ obtuseS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T C@leaf texture[T ?herbaceousassumedT.catesbaei[T C@leaf # main nerves 23 3 or 5S. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T D@'BRACTS [T ? absentgenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T D@&sepal form [T ? normalassumedT.catesbaei[T E@SEPAL fusion[T ?separategenus descriptionT.catesbaei[T E@sepal number[T ?[T @genus descriptionT.catesbaei[T F@ sepal shape: widest point[T ?6narrow lanceolate or sometimes spatulate-oblongS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T F@sepal shape: width (LxW)[T ? narrowbased on #44 T.catesbaei[T  G@ sepal shape: sides[T  ? elliptic based on #44 T.catesbaei[T  G@- sepal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.catesbaei[T  H@- sepal texture [T  ? herbaceous assumed T.catesbaei[T  H@- sepal color [T  @  green S. & S., 1987 T.catesbaei[T  I@- sepal color distribution [T  ? throughout assumedT.catesbaei[T I@sepal apices[T @ acuteS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T J@-sepal apex type [T ? entireassumedT.catesbaei[T J@%petal form [T ? normalassumedT.catesbaei[T K@PETAL presence[T ?presentassumedT.catesbaei[T K@petal number[T @[T @genus descriptionT.catesbaei[T L@,petal fusion [T ?separateassumedT.catesbaei[T L@ petal shape: widest point 23"oblong or oblong-lanceolateS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T M@petal shape: width (LxW) 34narrow or averagebased on #57T.catesbaei[T M@petal shape: sides 23 elliptic-oblong to oblongbased on #57T.catesbaei[T N@,petal duration [T ?persistentassumedT.catesbaei[T N@petal color  149!pink to rose-purple; whitepers. obs.T.catesbaei[T O@,petal color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #61T.catesbaei[T O@,petal pigmented  13yes, no, fading to pinkbased on #61T.catesbaei[T P@,petal transverse posture  345$undulate, outcurved, recurvedpers. obs.T.catesbaei[T @P@,petal vertical orientation [T @divergentpers. obs.T.catesbaei[T P@,petal longitudinal posture [T ?straightassumedT.catesbaei[T P@petal apices  123!obtuse or abruptly pointedS. & S., 1987T.catesbaei[T Q@,petal apex type [T ? entirebased on #67 T.catesbaei[T  @Q@% stamen form [T  ?  normal assumed!T.catesbaei[T !Q@!STAMEN number[T !@!2x sepals!genus description"T.catesbaei[T "Q@-"stamen fusion [T "? "free"genus description#T.catesbaei[T #R@-#stamen transverse posture [T #@#slightly recurved#S. & S., 1987$T.catesbaei[T $@R@+$stamen vertical posture [T $? $erect$pers. obs.%T.catesbaei[T %R@%ANTHERS dehiscence[T %?%introrse%pers. obs.&T.catesbaei[T &R@&POLLEN shape[T &?&spherical&Takahashi, 1983'T.catesbaei[T 'S@'POLLEN aperture[T '?'omniaperturate'Takahashi, 1983(T.catesbaei[T (@S@(POLLEN ornamentation[T (?(granulate(Takahashi, 1983)T.catesbaei[T )S@)CONNECTIVE prolongation[T )@)rounded)pers. obs.*T.catesbaei[T *S@*FILAMENT color[T *? *green*pers. obs.+T.catesbaei[T +T@+POLLEN color[T +? +yellow+S. & S., 1987,T.catesbaei[T ,@T@1,connective color [T ,? ,green,pers. obs.-T.catesbaei[T -T@--stamen color distribution [T -@-pollen different-based on #79-81.T.catesbaei[T .T@%.pistil form [T .? .normal.assumed/T.catesbaei[T /U@/OVARY position[T /@/superior/genus description0T.catesbaei[T 0@U@,0ovary # locules [T 0?[T 0?0S. & S., 19871T.catesbaei[T 1U@1ovary placentation [T 1@1parietal1S. & S., 19872T.catesbaei[T 2U@2ovary shape [T 2@2angular-ovoid2S. & S., 19873T.catesbaei[T 3V@3ovary X-section shape [T 3@ 3angled3based on #874T.catesbaei[T 4@V@,4ovary # ribs [T 4@[T 4@5T.catesbaei[T 5V@,5ovary apex [T 5@5attenuate5pers. obs.6T.catesbaei[T 6V@6STYLE presence[T 6?6present6pers. obs.7T.catesbaei[T 7W@7STIGMA number [T 7?[T 7@7genus description8T.catesbaei[T 8@W@-8stigma shape [T 8@8linear subulate8pers. obs.9T.catesbaei[T 9W@(9stigma vertical posture [T 9?9divergent9pers. obs.:T.catesbaei[T :W@-:stigma transverse posture  :23:recurved:pers. obs.;T.catesbaei[T ;X@%;stigma duration [T ;@;persistent;assumed<T.catesbaei[T <@X@<stigma size[T <?<very thin<pers. obs.=T.catesbaei[T =X@,=ovary color  =26 =green=pers. obs.>T.catesbaei[T >X@6>ovary color distribution [T >?>throughout>based on #98?T.catesbaei[T ?Y@-?stigma color [T ?? ?green?pers. obs.@T.catesbaei[T @@Y@-@stigma color distribution [T @?@throughout@based on #100AT.catesbaei[T AY@ APISTIL color distribution[T A?AthroughoutAbased on #100BT.catesbaei[T BY@&BFRUIT type [T B? BberryCT.catesbaei[T CZ@,Cfruit dehisence [T C?CindehiscentCbased on #103DT.catesbaei[T D@Z@&Dfruit shape  D34Dglobose-ovoidDS. & S., 1987ET.catesbaei[T EZ@,Efruit color  E1GEgreen or whiteECase & Case, 1998FT.catesbaei[T FZ@,Ffruit color distribution [T F?FthroughoutFbased on #106GT.catesbaei[T G[@&GSEED arils [T G?GincompleteGgenus descriptionHT.catesbaei[T H@[@Hendosperm development[T H?HhelobialHassumed -- Zomlefer 1996IT.catesbaei[T I[@Icotyledon shape[T I?Istrap-likeIassumedJT.cernuum[T J?Jhybrid status[T J@ JnoJassumedKT.cernuum[T K@Kflowering time  K345KApril, May, or June KSamejima & Samejima, 1987LT.cernuum[T L@Lchromosome number[T L? L2n=10LS. & S., 1987MT.cernuum[T M@Mgeographical area [T M@ME. North AmericaMS. & S., 1987NT.cernuum[T N@ Ngenus[T N@NTrilliumNspecies descriptionOT.cernuum[T O@Osubgenus[T O@OTrilliumOspecies descriptionPT.cernuum[T P@Psection[T P@PerectumPPatrick, 1984QT.cernuum[T Q @QRafinesque[T Q@QTrilliumQbased on #6RT.cernuum[T R"@RPLANT type[T R? RherbRgenus descriptionST.cernuum[T S$@Sfoliaceousness[T S?SscaposeSgenus descriptionTT.cernuum[T T&@Tplant sexuality[T T?TbisexualTgenus descriptionUT.cernuum[T U(@UINFLORESCENSE type[T U?UsolitaryUgenus descriptionVT.cernuum[T V*@VFLOWERS #[T V?[T V?Vgenus descriptionWT.cernuum[T W,@Wcomposition[T W@Wsepals + petalsWgenus descriptionXT.cernuum[T X.@XPEDICEL vertical posture[T X@Xbelow the leavesXS. & S., 1987YT.cernuum[T Y0@Yroot type[T Y?YrhizomeYS. & S., 1987ZT.cernuum[T Z1@Zrhizome size [T Z@ ZthickZS. & S., 1987[T.cernuum[T [2@[STEM habit[T [? [erect[S. & S., 1987\T.cernuum[T \3@\vestiture[T \?\glabrous\S. & S., 1987]T.cernuum[T ]4@]stem color[T ]? ]green]assumed^T.cernuum[T ^5@^stem color distribution[T ^?^throughout^assumed_T.cernuum[T _6@_LEAF number[T _@[T _@_genus description`T.cernuum[T `7@`leaf location[T `?`terminal`genus descriptionaT.cernuum[T a8@aleaf arrangement[T a?awhorledagenus descriptionbT.cernuum[T b9@bleaf # whorls[T b?[T b?bgenus descriptioncT.cernuum[T c:@cleaf attachment c123(cpetiolate, subsessile, or sessilecS. & S., 1987dT.cernuum[T d;@dleaf shape: widest point[T d@dbroadly rhombic-ovatedS. & S., 1987eT.cernuum[T e<@eleaf shape: width (LxW)[T e@ ebroadebased on #27fT.cernuum[T f=@fleaf shape: sides[T f@frhombic-ovatefbased on #27gT.cernuum[T g>@gleaf margin[T g? gentiregassumedhT.cernuum[T h?@hleaf color distribution[T h?hthroughouthassumediT.cernuum[T i@@ileaf color[T i? igreeniassumedjT.cernuum[T j@@jleaf lower surface[T j@jglabrousjassumedkT.cernuum[T kA@kleaf apex type[T k? kentirekassumedlT.cernuum[T lA@lleaf apices[T l?lacuminatelS. & S., 1987mT.cernuum[T mB@mleaf base type[T m? mentiremassumednT.cernuum[T nB@nleaf bases[T n?ncuneatenS. & S., 1987oT.cernuum[T oC@oleaf texture[T o?oherbaceousoassumedpT.cernuum[T pC@pleaf # main nerves[T p@[T p@pS. & S., 1987qT.cernuum[T qD@'qBRACTS [T q? qabsentqgenus descriptionrT.cernuum[T rD@&rsepal form [T r? rnormalrassumedsT.cernuum[T sE@sSEPAL fusion[T s?sseparatesgenus descriptiontT.cernuum[T tE@tsepal number[T t?[T t@tgenus descriptionuT.cernuum[T uF@ usepal shape: widest point[T u?%ulanceolate to ovate-lanceolateuS. & S., 1987vT.cernuum[T vF@vsepal shape: width (LxW)[T v? vnarrow!vbased on #44; ratio: 2.8-3wT.cernuum[T wG@wsepal shape: sides[T w?wellipticwbased on #44xT.cernuum[T xG@-xsepal duration [T x?xpersistentxassumedyT.cernuum[T yH@-ysepal texture [T y?yherbaceousyassumedzT.cernuum[T zH@-zsepal color [T z@ zgreenzS. & S., 1987{T.cernuum[T {I@-{sepal color distribution [T {?{throughout{assumed|T.cernuum[T |I@|sepal apices[T |?|acuminate|S. & S., 1987}T.cernuum[T }J@-}sepal apex type [T }? }entire}assumed~T.cernuum[T ~J@%~petal form [T ~? ~normal~assumedT.cernuum[T K@PETAL presence[T ?presentassumedT.cernuum[T K@petal number[T @[T @genus descriptionT.cernuum[T L@,petal fusion [T ?separateassumedT.cernuum[T L@ petal shape: widest point 12,oblong-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolateS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T M@petal shape: width (LxW)[T @ narrowbased on #57T.cernuum[T M@petal shape: sides 12"elliptic to oblong-ellipticbased on #57T.cernuum[T N@,petal duration [T ?persistentassumedT.cernuum[T N@petal color  14white or pinkS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T O@,petal color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #61T.cernuum[T O@,petal pigmented  12yes or nobased on #61T.cernuum[T P@,petal transverse posture [T @recurvedS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T @P@,petal vertical orientation [T @divergentCase & Case, 1998T.cernuum[T P@,petal longitudinal posture [T ?straightCase & Case, 1998T.cernuum[T P@petal apices [T @ acuteS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T Q@,petal apex type [T ? entirebased on #67T.cernuum[T @Q@%stamen form [T ? normalassumedT.cernuum[T Q@STAMEN number[T @2x sepalsgenus descriptionT.cernuum[T Q@-stamen fusion [T ? freegenus descriptionT.cernuum[T R@-stamen transverse posture [T ?straightCase & Case, 1988T.cernuum[T @R@+stamen vertical posture [T ? erectCase & Case, 1988T.cernuum[T R@ANTHERS dehiscence[T @lateralKato & Kawano, 1995T.cernuum[T R@POLLEN shape[T ?sphericalTakahashi, 1983T.cernuum[T S@POLLEN aperture[T ?omniaperturateTakahashi, 1983T.cernuum[T @S@POLLEN ornamentation[T ?granulateTakahashi, 1983T.cernuum[T S@CONNECTIVE prolongation[T ? noherbarium sheetT.cernuum[T S@FILAMENT color[T "@ whiteCase & Case, 1998T.cernuum[T T@POLLEN color[T  @ pinkS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T @T@1connective color [T  @ whiteCase & Case, 1998T.cernuum[T T@-stamen color distribution [T @throughoutbased on #79-81T.cernuum[T T@%pistil form [T ? normalassumedT.cernuum[T U@OVARY position[T @superiorgenus descriptionT.cernuum[T @U@,ovary # locules [T ?[T ?S. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T U@ovary placentation [T @parietalS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T U@ovary shape [T @angular-ovoidS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T V@ovary X-section shape [T @ ridged Patrick, 1984 (winged***)T.cernuum[T @V@,ovary # ribs [T @[T @Patrick, 1984T.cernuum[T V@,ovary apex ?T.cernuum[T V@STYLE presence[T @ absentassumedT.cernuum[T W@STIGMA number [T ?[T @S. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T @W@-stigma shape ?T.cernuum[T W@(stigma vertical posture ?T.cernuum[T W@-stigma transverse posture [T @recurvedS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T X@%stigma duration [T @persistentassumedT.cernuum[T @X@stigma size[T @rather stoutCase & Case, 1998T.cernuum[T X@,ovary color  46white to pinkS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T X@6ovary color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #98T.cernuum[T Y@-stigma color G!creamy white, basally pinkS. & S., 1987T.cernuum[T @Y@-stigma color distribution  23throughoutbased on #100T.cernuum[T Y@ PISTIL color distribution 123'throughout or geographic by partbased on #100T.cernuum[T Y@&FRUIT type [T ? 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QyellowQS. & S., 1987RT.govanianum[T R@T@1Rconnective color [T R@ RpurpleRJacobs & Jacobs, 1997ST.govanianum[T ST@-Sstamen color distribution [T S@Spollen differentSbased on #79-81TT.govanianum[T TT@%Tpistil form [T T? 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entirebased on #67T.grandiflorum[T @Q@%stamen form [T ? normalassumedT.grandiflorum[T Q@STAMEN number[T @2x sepalsgenus descriptionT.grandiflorum[T Q@-stamen fusion [T ? freegenus descriptionT.grandiflorum[T R@-stamen transverse posture [T @slightly recurvedpers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T @R@+stamen vertical posture [T ? erectpers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T R@ANTHERS dehiscence[T ?introrsepers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T R@POLLEN shape[T ?sphericalTakahashi, 1983T.grandiflorum[T S@POLLEN aperture[T ?omniaperturateTakahashi, 1983T.grandiflorum[T @S@POLLEN ornamentation[T @spinulateTakahashi, 1983T.grandiflorum[T S@CONNECTIVE prolongation[T ? noBarksdale, 1938T.grandiflorum[T S@FILAMENT color[T "@ whiteS. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T T@POLLEN color[T ? yellowS. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T @T@1connective color [T  @ whitepers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T T@-stamen color distribution [T @pollen differentbased on #79-81T.grandiflorum[T T@%pistil form [T ? normalassumedT.grandiflorum[T U@OVARY position[T @superiorgenus descriptionT.grandiflorum[T @U@,ovary # locules [T ?[T ?Patrick, 1973T.grandiflorum[T U@ovary placentation [T @combinationPatrick, 1973T.grandiflorum[T U@ovary shape [T  @ovoid-globoseS. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T V@ovary X-section shape [T @ ridgedS. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T @V@,ovary # ribs [T @[T @S. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T V@,ovary apex [T @attenuatepers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T V@STYLE presence[T @ absentassumedT.grandiflorum[T W@STIGMA number [T ?[T @S. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T @W@-stigma shape [T @linear-subulatepers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T W@(stigma vertical posture  12erect or spreadingS. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T W@-stigma transverse posture [T @recurved      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~pers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T X@%stigma duration [T @persistentassumedT.grandiflorum[T @X@stigma size[T ?slenderpers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T X@,ovary color [T @pale greenS. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T X@6ovary color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #98T.grandiflorum[T Y@-stigma color [T ?pale greenS. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T @Y@-stigma color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #100T.grandiflorum[T Y@ PISTIL color distribution[T ?throughoutbased on #100T.grandiflorum[T Y@&FRUIT type [T @fleshy capsulePatrick, 1973T.grandiflorum[T Z@,fruit dehisence [T ?indehiscentpers. obs.T.grandiflorum[T @Z@&fruit shape [T @globoseS. & S., 1987T.grandiflorum[T Z@,fruit color [T ? greenCase & Case, 1998T.grandiflorum[T Z@,fruit color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #106T.grandiflorum[T [@&SEED arils [T ?incompletegenus descriptionT.grandiflorum[T @[@endosperm development[T ?helobialBerg, 1958T.grandiflorum[T [@cotyledon shape[T ?strap-likeassumedT.hagae[T ?hybrid status[T @ noassumedT.hagae[T @flowering time  45May or June Samejima & Samejima, 1987T.hagae[T @chromosome number[T @ 2n-30S. & S., 1987T.hagae[T @geographical area [T @Japan, RussiaMitchell, 1989aT.hagae[T @ genus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.hagae[T @subgenus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.hagae[T @section?T.hagae[T  @Rafinesque[T @Trilliumbased on #6T.hagae[T "@PLANT type[T ? herbgenus descriptionT.hagae[T $@foliaceousness[T ?scaposegenus descriptionT.hagae[T &@plant sexuality[T ?bisexualgenus descriptionT.hagae[T (@INFLORESCENSE type[T ?solitaryS. & S., 1987T.hagae[T *@FLOWERS #[T ?[T ?genus descriptionT.hagae[T ,@composition[T @sepals + petalsgenus descriptionT.hagae[T .@PEDICEL vertical posture[T @above the leavesS. & S., 1987T.hagae[T 0@root type[T ?rhizomeS. & S., 1987T.hagae[T 1@rhizome size [T @ thickS. & S., 1987T.hagae[T 2@STEM habit[T ? 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absentgenus descriptionT.hagae[T D@&sepal form [T ? normalassumedT.hagae[T E@SEPAL fusion[T ?separategenus descriptionT.hagae[T E@sepal number[T ?[T @genus description T.hagae[T  F@  sepal shape: widest point[T  @ oblong-lanceolate S. & S., 1987 T.hagae[T  F@ sepal shape: width (LxW)[T  ?  narrow$ based on #44; ratio: 2.5-2.67 T.hagae[T  G@ sepal shape: sides[T  @ oblong-elliptic based on #44 T.hagae[T  G@- sepal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.hagae[T  H@- sepal texture [T  ? herbaceous assumedT.hagae[T H@-sepal color [T @pale greenS. & S., 1987T.hagae[T I@-sepal color distribution [T ?throughoutassumedT.hagae[T I@sepal apices 23acute or obtuseS. & S., 1987T.hagae[T J@-sepal apex type [T ? entireassumedT.hagae[T J@%petal form [T ? normalassumedT.hagae[T K@PETAL presence[T ?presentassumedT.hagae[T K@petal number[T @[T @S. & S., 1987T.hagae[T L@,petal fusion [T ?separateassumedT.hagae[T L@ petal shape: widest point 12ovate or ovate-orbicularS. & S., 1987T.hagae[T M@petal shape: width (LxW) 45average to broad ?????T.hagae[T M@petal shape: sides[T ?ellipticbased on #57T.hagae[T N@,petal duration [T ?persistentassumedT.hagae[T N@petal color [T ? 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"normal"assumed#T.hagae[T #Q@#STAMEN number[T #@#2x sepals#genus description$T.hagae[T $Q@-$stamen fusion [T $? $free$genus description%T.hagae[T %R@-%stamen transverse posture [T %@%outcurved%Case & Case, 1998&T.hagae[T &@R@+&stamen vertical posture [T &? &erect&Case & Case, 1998'T.hagae[T 'R@'ANTHERS dehiscence'?(T.hagae[T (R@(POLLEN shape[T (?(spherical$(Takahashi, 1983 -- T. x hagae)T.hagae[T )S@)POLLEN aperture[T )?)omniaperturate%)Takahashi, 1983 -- T. x hagae*T.hagae[T *@S@*POLLEN ornamentation[T *?*granulate%*Takahashi, 1983 -- T. x hagae+T.hagae[T +S@+CONNECTIVE prolongation+?,T.hagae[T ,S@,FILAMENT color[T ,?,pale green,S. & S., 1987-T.hagae[T -T@-POLLEN color[T -? -yellow-based on T. x hagae.T.hagae[T .@T@1.connective color [T .? .green.based on T. x hagae/T.hagae[T /T@-/stamen color distribution [T /@/pollen different/based on #79-810T.hagae[T 0T@%0pistil form [T 0? 0normal0assumed1T.hagae[T 1U@1OVARY position[T 1@1superior1genus description2T.hagae[T 2@U@,2ovary # locules [T 2?[T 2?2S. & S., 19873T.hagae[T 3U@3ovary placentation [T 3@3parietal3S. & S., 19874T.hagae[T 4U@4ovary shape  4134conical-ovoid4S. & S., 19875T.hagae[T 5V@5ovary X-section shape [T 5@ 5ridged5S. & S., 19876T.hagae[T 6@V@,6ovary # ribs [T 6@[T 6@6S. & S., 19877T.hagae[T 7V@,7ovary apex [T 7@ 7obtuse7S. & S., 19878T.hagae[T 8V@8STYLE presence[T 8@ 8absent8assumed9T.hagae[T 9W@9STIGMA number [T 9?[T 9@9S. & S., 1987:T.hagae[T :@W@-:stigma shape [T :@:linear-subulate:S. & S., 1987;T.hagae[T ;W@(;stigma vertical posture [T ;?;divergent;S. & S., 1987<T.hagae[T <W@-<stigma transverse posture [T <@<revolute<S. & S., 1987=T.hagae[T =X@%=stigma duration [T =@=persistent=S. & S., 1987>T.hagae[T >@X@>stigma size[T >@ >thin?T.hagae[T ?X@,?ovary color  ?19W?whitish-yellow or pale greenish-yellow w/ dark purple dots, dark purple apically?S. & S., 1987@T.hagae[T @X@6@ovary color distribution  @24@spotted or geographic@based on #98AT.hagae[T AY@-Astigma color [T A@ AyellowAS. & S., 1987BT.hagae[T B@Y@-Bstigma color distribution [T B?BthroughoutBbased on #100CT.hagae[T CY@ CPISTIL color distribution[T C@Cgeographic by partCbased on #100DT.hagae[T DY@&DFRUIT type [T D? DberryET.hagae[T EZ@,Efruit dehisence [T E?EindehiscentEbased on #103FT.hagae[T F@Z@&Ffruit shape [T F@ FovoidFS. & S., 1987GT.hagae[T GZ@,Gfruit color  G1B Ggreen or with purple dotsGS. & S., 1987HT.hagae[T HZ@,Hfruit color distribution  H13Hthroughout or spottedHbased on #106IT.hagae[T I[@&ISEED arils [T I?IincompleteIgenus descriptionJT.hagae[T J@[@Jendosperm development[T J?JhelobialJassumed -- Zomlefer 1996KT.hagae[T K[@Kcotyledon shape[T K?Kstrap-likeKassumedLT.hagae (x hagae)[T L?Lhybrid status[T L? Lyes LSamejima & Samejima, 1987MT.hagae (x hagae)[T M@Mflowering time  M45MMay or June MSamejima & Samejima, 1987NT.hagae (x hagae)[T N@Nchromosome number[T N@ N2n=15NS. & S., 1987OT.hagae (x hagae)[T O@Ogeographical area [T O@OJapan, RussiaOMitchell, 1989aPT.hagae (x hagae)[T P@ Pgenus[T P@PTrilliumPspecies descriptionQT.hagae (x hagae)[T Q@Qsubgenus[T Q@QTrilliumQspecies descriptionRT.hagae (x hagae)[T R@RsectionR?RTrilliumST.hagae (x hagae)[T S @SRafinesque[T S@STrilliumSbased on #6TT.hagae (x hagae)[T T"@TPLANT type[T T? TherbTgenus descriptionUT.hagae (x hagae)[T U$@Ufoliaceousness[T U?UscaposeUgenus descriptionVT.hagae (x hagae)[T V&@Vplant sexuality[T V?VbisexualVgenus descriptionWT.hagae (x hagae)[T W(@WINFLORESCENSE type[T W?WsolitaryWS. & S., 1987XT.hagae (x hagae)[T X*@XFLOWERS #[T X?[T X?Xgenus descriptionYT.hagae (x hagae)[T Y,@Ycomposition[T Y@Ysepals + petalsYgenus descriptionZT.hagae (x hagae)[T Z.@ZPEDICEL vertical posture[T Z@Zabove the leavesZS. & S., 1987[T.hagae (x hagae)[T [0@[root type[T [?[rhizome[S. & S., 1987\T.hagae (x hagae)[T \1@\rhizome size [T \@ \thick\S. & S., 1987]T.hagae (x hagae)[T ]2@]STEM habit[T ]? ]erect]S. & S., 1987^T.hagae (x hagae)[T ^3@^vestiture[T ^?^glabrous^S. & S., 1987_T.hagae (x hagae)[T _4@_stem color[T _? _green_S. & S., 1987`T.hagae (x hagae)[T `5@`stem color distribution[T `?`throughout`assumedaT.hagae (x hagae)[T a6@aLEAF number[T a@[T a@agenus descriptionbT.hagae (x hagae)[T b7@bleaf location[T b?bterminalbgenus descriptioncT.hagae (x hagae)[T c8@cleaf arrangement[T c?cwhorledcgenus descriptiondT.hagae (x hagae)[T d9@dleaf # whorls[T d?[T d?dgenus descriptioneT.hagae (x hagae)[T e:@eleaf attachment[T e@esessileeS. & S., 1987fT.hagae (x hagae)[T f;@fleaf shape: widest point[T f@frhombic-orbicularfS. & S., 1987gT.hagae (x hagae)[T g<@gleaf shape: width (LxW) g45%gbroad, circular, or very broad$gbased on #27; ratio: .76-1.03hT.hagae (x hagae)[T h=@hleaf shape: sides[T h@hrhombic-elliptichbased on #27iT.hagae (x hagae)[T i>@ileaf margin[T i? ientireiassumedjT.hagae (x hagae)[T j?@jleaf color distribution[T j?jthroughoutjassumedkT.hagae (x hagae)[T k@@kleaf color[T k? kgreenkassumedlT.hagae (x hagae)[T l@@lleaf lower surface[T l@lglabrouslassumedmT.hagae (x hagae)[T mA@mleaf apex type[T m? mentiremassumednT.hagae (x hagae)[T nA@nleaf apices n67nsub-acute or cuspidatenS. & S., 1987oT.hagae (x hagae)[T oB@oleaf base type[T o? oentireoassumedpT.hagae (x hagae)[T pB@pleaf bases[T p@ pobtusepS. & S., 1987qT.hagae (x hagae)[T qC@qleaf texture[T q?qherbaceousqassumedrT.hagae (x hagae)[T rC@rleaf # main nerves r23 r3 or 5rS. & S., 1987sT.hagae (x hagae)[T sD@'sBRACTS [T s? sabsentsgenus descriptiontT.hagae (x hagae)[T tD@&tsepal form [T t? tnormaltassumeduT.hagae (x hagae)[T uE@uSEPAL fusion[T u?useparateugenus descriptionvT.hagae (x hagae)[T vE@vsepal number[T v?[T v@vgenus descriptionwT.hagae (x hagae)[T wF@ wsepal shape: widest point[T w@woblong-lanceolatewS. & S., 1987xT.hagae (x hagae)[T xF@xsepal shape: width (LxW)[T x? xnarrowxbased on #44yT.hagae (x hagae)[T yG@ysepal shape: sides[T y@yoblong-ellipticybased on #44zT.hagae (x hagae)[T zG@-zsepal duration [T z?zpersistentzassumed{T.hagae (x hagae)[T {H@-{sepal texture [T {?{herbaceous{assumed|T.hagae (x hagae)[T |H@-|sepal color [T |@|pale green|S. & S., 1987}T.hagae (x hagae)[T }I@-}sepal color distribution [T }?}throughout}assumed~T.hagae (x hagae)[T ~I@~sepal apices ~23~acute or acutish-obtuse~S. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T J@-sepal apex type [T ? 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entirebased on #67T.hagae (x hagae)[T @Q@%stamen form [T ? normalassumedT.hagae (x hagae)[T Q@STAMEN number[T @2x sepalsgenus descriptionT.hagae (x hagae)[T Q@-stamen fusion [T ? freegenus descriptionT.hagae (x hagae)[T R@-stamen transverse posture ?T.hagae (x hagae)[T @R@+stamen vertical posture [T ? erectS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T R@ANTHERS dehiscence?T.hagae (x hagae)[T R@POLLEN shape 13spherical or irregularTakahashi, 1983T.hagae (x hagae)[T S@POLLEN aperture[T ?omniaperturateTakahashi, 1983T.hagae (x hagae)[T @S@POLLEN ornamentation[T ?granulateTakahashi, 1983T.hagae (x hagae)[T S@CONNECTIVE prolongation?T.hagae (x hagae)[T S@FILAMENT color[T ?pale greenS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T T@POLLEN color[T ? yellowS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T @T@1connective color [T ?pale greenS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T T@-stamen color distribution [T @pollen differentbased on #79-81T.hagae (x hagae)[T T@%pistil form [T ? normalassumedT.hagae (x hagae)[T U@OVARY position[T @superiorgenus descriptionT.hagae (x hagae)[T @U@,ovary # locules [T ?[T ?S. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T U@ovary placentation [T @parietalS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T U@ovary shape  1Aconical or conical-ovalS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T V@ovary X-section shape [T @ ridgedS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T @V@,ovary # ribs [T @[T @S. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T V@,ovary apex [T @ obtuseS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T V@STYLE presence[T @ absentassumedT.hagae (x hagae)[T W@STIGMA number [T ?[T @S. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T @W@-stigma shape [T @linear-subulateS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T W@(stigma vertical posture [T ?divergentS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T W@-stigma transverse posture [T @revoluteS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T X@%stigma duration [T @persistentS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T @X@stigma size[T @ thinS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T X@,ovary color  AE^whitish-yellow or pale greenish-yellow with dark purplish dots, dark purple at the tipsS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T X@6ovary color distribution  24spotted or geographicbased on #98T.hagae (x hagae)[T Y@-stigma color [T @ yellowS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T @Y@-stigma color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #100T.hagae (x hagae)[T Y@ PISTIL color distribution[T @geographic by partbased on #100T.hagae (x hagae)[T Y@&FRUIT type [T ? berryT.hagae (x hagae)[T Z@,fruit dehisence [T ?indehiscentbased on #103T.hagae (x hagae)[T @Z@&fruit shape  13conical-ovoidS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T Z@,fruit color  1B green or with purple dotsS. & S., 1987T.hagae (x hagae)[T Z@,fruit color distribution  13throughout or spottedbased on #106T.hagae (x hagae)[T [@&SEED arils [T ?incompletegenus descriptionT.hagae (x hagae)[T @[@endosperm development[T ?helobialassumed -- Zomlefer 1996T.hagae (x hagae)[T [@cotyledon shape[T ?strap-likeassumedT.komarovii[T ?hybrid status[T ? yesNakai & Ito, 1991T.komarovii[T @flowering time ?T.komarovii[T @chromosome number[T @ 2n=30Nakai & Ito, 1991T.komarovii[T @geographical area [T @Japan, RussiaKomarov, 1935T.komarovii[T @ genus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.komarovii[T @subgenus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.komarovii[T @section?T.komarovii[T  @Rafinesque[T @Trilliumbased on #6T.komarovii[T "@PLANT type[T ? herbgenus descriptionT.komarovii[T $@foliaceousness[T ?scaposegenus descriptionT.komarovii[T &@plant sexuality[T ?bisexualgenus descriptionT.komarovii[T (@INFLORESCENSE type[T ?solitarygenus descriptionT.komarovii[T *@FLOWERS #[T ?[T ?genus descriptionT.komarovii[T ,@composition[T @sepals + petalsgenus descriptionT.komarovii[T .@PEDICEL vertical posture 34%horizontal or below the leavesKomarov, 1935T.komarovii[T 0@root type[T ?rhizomeKomarov, 1935T.komarovii[T 1@rhizome size [T @ thickKomarov, 1935T.komarovii[T 2@STEM habit[T ? 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(yes (Samejima & Samejima, 1987)T.miyabeanum[T )@)flowering time [T )@ )May )Samejima & Samejima, 1987*T.miyabeanum[T *@*chromosome number[T *@ *2n=20*S. & S., 1987+T.miyabeanum[T +@+geographical area [T +@ +Japan+S. & S., 1987,T.miyabeanum[T ,@ ,genus[T ,@,Trillium,species description-T.miyabeanum[T -@-subgenus[T -@-Trillium-species description.T.miyabeanum[T .@.section.?/T.miyabeanum[T / @/Rafinesque[T /@/Trillium/based on #60T.miyabeanum[T 0"@0PLANT type[T 0? 0herb0genus description1T.miyabeanum[T 1$@1foliaceousness[T 1?1scapose1genus description2T.miyabeanum[T 2&@2plant sexuality[T 2?2bisexual2genus description3T.miyabeanum[T 3(@3INFLORESCENSE type[T 3?3solitary3genus description4T.miyabeanum[T 4*@4FLOWERS #[T 4?[T 4?4genus description5T.miyabeanum[T 5,@5composition[T 5@5sepals + petals5genus description6T.miyabeanum[T 6.@6PEDICEL vertical posture[T 6@6above the leaves6S. & S., 19877T.miyabeanum[T 70@7root type[T 7?7rhizome7S. & S., 19878T.miyabeanum[T 81@8rhizome size [T 8@ 8thick8S. & S., 19879T.miyabeanum[T 92@9STEM habit[T 9? 9erect9S. & S., 1987:T.miyabeanum[T :3@:vestiture[T :?:glabrous:S. & S., 1987;T.miyabeanum[T ;4@;stem color[T ;? ;green;S. & S., 1987<T.miyabeanum[T <5@<stem color distribution[T <?<throughout<assumed=T.miyabeanum[T =6@=LEAF number[T =@[T =@=S. & S., 1987>T.miyabeanum[T >7@>leaf location[T >?>terminal>genus description?T.miyabeanum[T ?8@?leaf arrangement[T ???whorled?genus description@T.miyabeanum[T @9@@leaf # whorls[T @?[T @?@genus descriptionAT.miyabeanum[T A:@Aleaf attachment[T A@AsessileAS. & S., 1987BT.miyabeanum[T B;@Bleaf shape: widest point[T B@Bdepressedly rhombateBS. & S., 1987CT.miyabeanum[T C<@Cleaf shape: width (LxW)[T C@Cvery broad#Cbased on #27; ratio: .87-.88DT.miyabeanum[T D=@Dleaf shape: sides[T D@DrhombicDbased on #27ET.miyabeanum[T E>@Eleaf margin[T E? 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North AmericaS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T @ genus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.pusillum[T @subgenus[T @Trilliumspecies descriptionT.pusillum[T @section 24 Catesbaei or grandiflorum%Barksdale, 1938; Gleason, 1906T.pusillum[T  @Rafinesque[T @DelostylisRafinesqueT.pusillum[T "@PLANT type[T ? herbgenus descriptionT.pusillum[T $@foliaceousness[T ?scaposegenus descriptionT.pusillum[T &@plant sexuality[T ?bisexualgenus descriptionT.pusillum[T (@INFLORESCENSE type[T ?solitarygenus descriptionT.pusillum[T *@FLOWERS #[T ?[T ?genus descriptionT.pusillum[T ,@composition[T @sepals + petalsgenus descriptionT.pusillum[T .@PEDICEL vertical posture[T @above the leavesS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T 0@root type[T ?rhizomeS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T 1@rhizome size [T @slenderS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T 2@STEM habit[T ? erectS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T 3@vestiture[T ?glabrousS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T 4@stem color 15 pale green often purplishS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T 5@stem color distribution 13throughout or suffussedbased on #20T.pusillum[T 6@LEAF number[T @[T @genus descriptionT.pusillum[T 7@leaf location[T ?terminalgenus descriptionT.pusillum[T 8@leaf arrangement[T ?whorledgenus descriptionT.pusillum[T 9@leaf # whorls[T ?[T ?genus descriptionT.pusillum[T :@leaf attachment 13&very short petiolate or sessileS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T ;@leaf shape: widest point 12ovate-oblongS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T <@leaf shape: width (LxW) 23 based on ratio: 2.37-3.86based on #27T.pusillum[T =@leaf shape: sides 12ovate-oblongbased on #27T.pusillum[T >@leaf margin[T ? entireassumedT.pusillum[T ?@leaf color distribution 14throughout or suffusedbased on #32T.pusillum[T @@leaf color 13'green or green with a maroon huepers. obs.T.pusillum[T @@leaf lower surface[T @glabrousherbarium sheetT.pusillum[T A@leaf apex type[T ? entireassumedT.pusillum[T A@leaf apices[T @ obtuseS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T B@leaf base type[T ? entireassumedT.pusillum[T B@leaf bases[T @orbicularS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T C@leaf texture[T ?herbaceousassumedT.pusillum[T C@leaf # main nerves[T @[T @S. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T D@'BRACTS [T ? absentgenus descriptionT.pusillum[T D@&sepal form [T ? normalassumed T.pusillum[T  E@ SEPAL fusion[T  ? separate genus description T.pusillum[T  E@ sepal number[T  ?[T  @ genus description T.pusillum[T  F@  sepal shape: widest point  12& lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate S. & S., 1987 T.pusillum[T  F@ sepal shape: width (LxW)[T  ?  narrow based on #44 T.pusillum[T  G@ sepal shape: sides  12" elliptic or elliptic-oblong based on #44T.pusillum[T G@-sepal duration [T ?persistentassumedT.pusillum[T H@-sepal texture [T ?herbaceousassumedT.pusillum[T H@-sepal color  6H*pale green with pale purple marginsS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T I@-sepal color distribution  13throughout or marginalbased on #49T.pusillum[T I@sepal apices 23 obtuseS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T J@-sepal apex type [T ? entireassumedT.pusillum[T J@%petal form [T ? normalassumedT.pusillum[T K@PETAL presence[T ?presentassumedT.pusillum[T K@petal number[T @[T @genus descriptionT.pusillum[T L@,petal fusion [T ?separateassumedT.pusillum[T L@ petal shape: widest point[T ?%lanceolate to ovate-lanceolateS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T M@petal shape: width (LxW)[T @ narrowbased on #57T.pusillum[T M@petal shape: sides[T ?ellipticbased on #57T.pusillum[T N@,petal duration [T ?persistentassumedT.pusillum[T N@petal color  14white to pinkS. & S., 1987T.pusillum[T O@,petal color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #61T.pusillum[T O@,petal pigmented [T @fading to pinkbased on #61T.pusillum[T P@,petal transverse posture [T @undulatepers. obs. 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FberryGT.pusillum[T GZ@,Gfruit dehisence [T G?GindehiscentGbased on #103HT.pusillum[T H@Z@&Hfruit shape [T H@ HovoidHS. & S., 1987IT.pusillum[T IZ@,Ifruit color [T I? IgreenIS. & S., 1987JT.pusillum[T JZ@,Jfruit color distribution [T J?JthroughoutJbased on #106KT.pusillum[T K[@&KSEED arils [T K?KincompleteKgenus descriptionLT.pusillum[T L@[@Lendosperm development[T L?LhelobialLassumed -- Zomlefer 1996MT.pusillum[T M[@Mcotyledon shape[T M?Mstrap-likeMassumedNT.rivale[T N?Nhybrid status[T N@ NnoNassumedOT.rivale[T O@Oflowering time  O234OMarch, April, or May OSamejima & Samejima, 1987PT.rivale[T P@Pchromosome number[T P? P2n=10PS. & S., 1987QT.rivale[T Q@Qgeographical area [T Q@QW. North AmericaQS. & S., 1987RT.rivale[T R@ Rgenus[T R@RTrilliumRspecies descriptionST.rivale[T S@Ssubgenus[T S@STrilliumSspecies descriptionTT.rivale[T T@Tsection[T T@TGrandiflorumTGleason, 1906UT.rivale[T U @URafinesque[T U@UTrilliumUbased on #6VT.rivale[T V"@VPLANT type[T V? 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absentgenus descriptionT.smallii[T D@&sepal form [T ? normalassumedT.smallii[T E@SEPAL fusion[T ?separategenus descriptionT.smallii[T E@sepal number[T ?[T @S. & S., 1987T.smallii[T F@ sepal shape: widest point 12&lanceolate or oblong-lanceolateS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T F@sepal shape: width (LxW)[T ? narrowbased on #44T.smallii[T G@sepal shape: sides 12"elliptic to elliptic-oblongbased on #44T.smallii[T G@-sepal duration [T ?persistentassumedT.smallii[T H@-sepal texture [T ?herbaceousassumedT.smallii[T H@-sepal color [T @dark purpleS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T I@-sepal color distribution [T ?throughoutassumedT.smallii[T I@sepal apices[T ?acuminateS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T J@-sepal apex type [T ? entireassumedT.smallii[T J@%petal form  123"sometimes changes to stamenS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T K@PETAL presence 12present or absentS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T K@petal number 120-3 or moreS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T L@,petal fusion [T ?separateassumedT.smallii[T L@ petal shape: widest point 23#orbicular or orbicular-ovateS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T M@petal shape: width (LxW) 56broad to very broad%based on #57; ratio: 1.14-1.38T.smallii[T M@petal shape: sides[T ?ellipticbased on #57T.smallii[T N@,petal duration [T ?persistentassumedT.smallii[T N@petal color [T "@reddish-purpleS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T O@,petal color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #61T.smallii[T O@,petal pigmented [T ? yesbased on #61T.smallii[T P@,petal transverse posture [T ?incurvedCase & Case, 1998T.smallii[T @P@,petal vertical orientation [T @divergentS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T P@,petal longitudinal posture [T ?straightassumedT.smallii[T P@petal apices  34obtuse or roundedS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T Q@,petal apex type [T ? entirebased on #67T.smallii[T @Q@%stamen form [T ? normalassumedT.smallii[T Q@STAMEN number[T @2x sepalsgenus descriptionT.smallii[T Q@-stamen fusion [T ? freegenus descriptionT.smallii[T R@-stamen transverse posture [T ?straightS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T @R@+stamen vertical posture [T ? erectS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T R@ANTHERS dehiscence[T @lateralKato & Kawano, 1995T.smallii[T R@POLLEN shape[T ?sphericalTakahashi, 1983T.smallii[T S@POLLEN aperture[T ?omniaperturateTakahashi, 1983T.smallii[T @S@POLLEN ornamentation[T ?granulateTakahashi, 1983T.smallii[T S@CONNECTIVE prolongation[T ? noneKato & Kawano, 1995T.smallii[T S@FILAMENT color[T @dark purpleS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T T@POLLEN color[T @ purpleCase & Case, 1998T.smallii[T @T@1connective color [T @purplishS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T T@-stamen color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #79-81T.smallii[T T@%pistil form [T ? normalassumedT.smallii[T U@OVARY position[T @superiorgenus descriptionT.smallii[T @U@,ovary # locules [T ?[T ?S. & S., 1987T.smallii[T U@ovary placentation [T @parietalS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T U@ovary shape  18!conical or conical-globoseS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T V@ovary X-section shape [T @ ridgedS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T @V@,ovary # ribs [T @[T @S. & S., 1987T.smallii[T V@,ovary apex [T @ obtuseS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T V@STYLE presence[T @ absentassumedT.smallii[T W@STIGMA number [T ?[T @S. & S., 1987T.smallii[T @W@-stigma shape ?T.smallii[T W@(stigma vertical posture  12divergent to erectS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T W@-stigma transverse posture [T @recurvedS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T X@%stigma duration [T @persistentS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T @X@stigma size[T @ thinS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T X@,ovary color [T "@yellowish-greenS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T X@6ovary color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #98T.smallii[T Y@-stigma color [T @ purpleS. & S., 1987T.smallii[T @Y@-stigma color distribution [T ?throughoutbased on #100T.smallii[T Y@ PISTIL color distribution[T @geographic by partbased on #100T.smallii[T Y@&FRUIT type [T ? berryT.smallii[T Z@,fruit dehisence [T ?indehiscentbased on #103 T.smallii[T  @Z@& fruit shape [T  @ globose or sub-globose S. & S., 1987 T.smallii[T  Z@, fruit color [T  ?  green S. & S., 1987 T.smallii[T  Z@, fruit color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #106 T.smallii[T  [@& SEED arils [T  ? incomplete genus description T.smallii[T  @[@ endosperm development[T  ? helobial assumed -- Zomlefer 1996 T.smallii[T  [@ cotyledon shape[T  ? strap-like assumed T.sulcatum[T  ? hybrid status[T  @  no assumed T.sulcatum[T  @ flowering time   34 April or May  Samejima & Samejima, 1987 T.sulcatum[T  @ chromosome number[T  ?  2n=10 assumed T.sulcatum[T  @ geographical area [T  @ E. North America S. & S., 1987 T.sulcatum[T  @  genus[T  @ Trillium species description T.sulcatum[T  @ subgenus[T  @ Trillium species description T.sulcatum[T  @ section[T  @ Erectum Patrick, 1984 T.sulcatum[T  @ Rafinesque[T  @ Trillium based on #6 T.sulcatum[T  "@ PLANT type[T  ?  herb Patrick, 1984 T.sulcatum[T  $@ foliaceousness[T  ? scapose genus description T.sulcatum[T  &@ plant sexuality[T  ? bisexual genus description T.sulcatum[T  (@ INFLORESCENSE type[T  ? solitary genus description T.sulcatum[T  *@ FLOWERS #[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.sulcatum[T  ,@ composition[T  @ sepals + petals genus description T.sulcatum[T  .@ PEDICEL vertical posture  23& above the leaves, or horizontal S. & S., 1987 T.sulcatum[T  0@ root type[T  ? rhizome S. & S., 1987 T.sulcatum[T  1@ rhizome size [T  @  thick S. & S., 1987 T.sulcatum[T  2@ STEM habit[T  ?  erect S. & S., 1987 T.sulcatum[T  3@ vestiture[T  ? glabrous S. & S., 1987 T.sulcatum[T  4@ stem color[T  ?  green assumed T.sulcatum[T  5@ stem color distribution[T  ? throughout assumed T.sulcatum[T  6@ LEAF number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.sulcatum[T  7@ leaf location[T  ? terminal genus description T.sulcatum[T  8@ leaf arrangement[T  ? whorled genus description T.sulcatum[T  9@ leaf # whorls[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.sulcatum[T  :@ leaf attachment[T  @ sub-sessile S. & S., 1987 T.sulcatum[T  ;@ leaf shape: widest point  345" broadly elliptic to obovate S. & S., 1987! T.sulcatum[T ! <@! leaf shape: width (LxW) ! 34! broad to very broad! ratio: 0.95-1.14" T.sulcatum[T " =@" leaf shape: sides[T " ?" elliptic" based on #27# T.sulcatum[T # >@# leaf margin[T # ? # entire# assumed$ T.sulcatum[T $ ?@$ leaf color distribution[T $ ?$ throughout$ assumed% T.sulcatum[T % @@% leaf color[T % ? % green% assumed& T.sulcatum[T & @@& leaf lower surface[T & @& scabrous on veins& pers. obs.' T.sulcatum[T ' A@' leaf apex type[T ' ? ' entire' assumed( T.sulcatum[T ( A@( leaf apices[T ( ?( acuminate( S. & S., 1987) T.sulcatum[T ) B@) leaf base type[T ) ? ) entire) assumed* T.sulcatum[T * B@* leaf bases[T * ?* cuneate* S. & S., 1987+ T.sulcatum[T + C@+ leaf texture[T + ?+ herbaceous+ assumed, T.sulcatum[T , C@, leaf # main nerves[T , @[T , @, S. & S., 1987- T.sulcatum[T - D@'- BRACTS [T - ? - absent- genus description. T.sulcatum[T . D@&. sepal form [T . ? . normal. assumed/ T.sulcatum[T / E@/ SEPAL fusion[T / ?/ separate/ genus description0 T.sulcatum[T 0 E@0 sepal number[T 0 ?[T 0 @0 genus description1 T.sulcatum[T 1 F@ 1 sepal shape: widest point[T 1 @1 elliptic1 S. & S., 19872 T.sulcatum[T 2 F@2 sepal shape: width (LxW)[T 2 @2 average2 ratio: 2.3-2.63 T.sulcatum[T 3 G@3 sepal shape: sides[T 3 ?3 elliptic3 based on #444 T.sulcatum[T 4 G@-4 sepal duration [T 4 ?4 persistent4 Patrick, 19845 T.sulcatum[T 5 H@-5 sepal texture [T 5 ?5 herbaceous5 assumed6 T.sulcatum[T 6 H@-6 sepal color  6 4H;6 green and generally purple tinged or purple margined6 S. & S., 19877 T.sulcatum[T 7 I@-7 sepal color distribution  7 235'7 suffused, marginal or geographic7 based on #498 T.sulcatum[T 8 I@8 sepal apices 8 128 acute to acuminate8 S. & S., 19879 T.sulcatum[T 9 J@-9 sepal apex type [T 9 ? 9 entire9 based on #51: T.sulcatum[T : J@%: petal form [T : ? : normal: assumed; T.sulcatum[T ; K@; PETAL presence[T ; ?; present; assumed< T.sulcatum[T < K@< petal number[T < @[T < @< genus description= T.sulcatum[T = L@,= petal fusion [T = ?= separate= assumed> T.sulcatum[T > L@ > petal shape: widest point[T > ? > ovate> S. & S., 1987? T.sulcatum[T ? M@? petal shape: width (LxW)[T ? @? average? based on #57@ T.sulcatum[T @ M@@ petal shape: sides[T @ ?@ elliptic@ based on #57A T.sulcatum[T A N@,A petal duration [T A ?A persistentA assumedB T.sulcatum[T B N@B petal color  B 169GB deeply wine colored to purple -- sometimes white to light yellowB S. & S., 1987C T.sulcatum[T C O@,C petal color distribution [T C ?C throughoutC based on #61D T.sulcatum[T D O@,D petal pigmented  D 12D yes or noD based on #61E T.sulcatum[T E P@,E petal transverse posture [T E @E outcurvedE S. & S., 1987F T.sulcatum[T F @P@,F petal vertical orientation [T F @F divergentF S. & S., 1987G T.sulcatum[T G P@,G petal longitudinal posture [T G ?G straightG assumedH T.sulcatum[T H P@H petal apices H ?I T.sulcatum[T I Q@,I petal apex type [T I ? I entireI based on #67J T.sulcatum[T J @Q@%J stamen form [T J ? J normalJ assumedK T.sulcatum[T K Q@K STAMEN number[T K @K 2x sepalsK genus descriptionL T.sulcatum[T L Q@-L stamen fusion [T L ? L freeL genus descriptionM T.sulcatum[T M R@-M stamen transverse posture [T M ?M straightM S. & S., 1987N T.sulcatum[T N @R@+N stamen vertical posture [T N ? N erectN S. & S., 1987O T.sulcatum[T O R@O ANTHERS dehiscence[T O ?O introrseO pers. obs.P T.sulcatum[T P R@P POLLEN shape[T P ?P sphericalP pers. obs.Q T.sulcatum[T Q S@Q POLLEN aperture[T Q ?Q omniaperturateQ pers. obs.R T.sulcatum[T R @S@R POLLEN ornamentation[T R ?R granulateR Patrick, 1984S T.sulcatum[T S S@S CONNECTIVE prolongation[T S ? S noneS Kato & Kawano, 1995T T.sulcatum[T T S@T FILAMENT color T 239T purple or whiteT S. & S., 1987U T.sulcatum[T U T@U POLLEN color U 16U yellow or purpleU pers. obs.V T.sulcatum[T V @T@1V connective color V ?W T.sulcatum[T W T@-W stamen color distribution [T W @%W throughout or pollen differentW based on #79-81X T.sulcatum[T X T@%X pistil form [T X ? X normalX assumedY T.sulcatum[T Y U@Y OVARY position[T Y @Y superiorY genus descriptionZ T.sulcatum[T Z @U@,Z ovary # locules [T Z ? Z oneZ pers. obs.[ T.sulcatum[T [ U@[ ovary placentation [T [ @[ combination[ pers. obs.\ T.sulcatum[T \ U@\ ovary shape  \ 46\ globose to flask-shaped\ S. & S., 1987] T.sulcatum[T ] V@] ovary X-section shape [T ] @ ] winged] Patrick, 1984^ T.sulcatum[T ^ @V@,^ ovary # ribs [T ^ @[T ^ @^ S. & S., 1987_ T.sulcatum[T _ V@,_ ovary apex [T _ @_ attenuate_ S. & S., 1987` T.sulcatum[T ` V@` STYLE presence[T ` @ ` absent` S. & S., 1987a T.sulcatum[T a W@a STIGMA number [T a ?[T a @a genus descriptionb T.sulcatum[T b @W@-b stigma shape [T b @b subulateb pers. obsc T.sulcatum[T c W@(c stigma vertical posture [T c ?c divergentc pers. obsd T.sulcatum[T d W@-d stigma transverse posture [T d @d recurvedd pers. obse T.sulcatum[T e X@%e stigma duration [T e @e withering persistente S. & S., 1987f T.sulcatum[T f @X@f stigma size[T f @ f thinf pers. obsg T.sulcatum[T g X@,g ovary color [T g @g purple or whiteg S. & S., 1987h T.sulcatum[T h X@6h ovary color distribution [T h ?h throughouth based on #98i T.sulcatum[T i Y@-i stigma color [T i 8@i purple or creamy whitej T.sulcatum[T j @Y@-j stigma color distribution [T j ?j throughoutj based on #100k T.sulcatum[T k Y@ k PISTIL color distribution[T k ?k throughoutk based on #100l T.sulcatum[T l Y@&l FRUIT type [T l @l capsulel Patrick, 1984m T.sulcatum[T m Z@,m fruit dehisence  m 46m irregularly dehiscentm Patrick, 1984n T.sulcatum[T n @Z@&n fruit shape [T n @n globosen S. & S., 1987o T.sulcatum[T o Z@,o fruit color [T o @o dull redo S. & S., 1987p T.sulcatum[T p Z@,p fruit color distribution [T p ?p throughoutp based on #106q T.sulcatum[T q [@&q SEED arils [T q ?q incompleteq genus descriptionr T.sulcatum[T r @[@r endosperm development[T r ?r helobialr assumed -- Zomlefer 1996s T.sulcatum[T s [@s cotyledon shape[T s ?s strap-likes assumedt T.taiwanense[T t ?t hybrid status[T t @ t not assumedu T.taiwanense[T u @u flowering time [T u @ u Juneu Ying, 1989v T.taiwanense[T v @v chromosome number[T v ? v 2n=10v assumedw T.taiwanense[T w @w geographical area [T w ? w Chinaw Ying, 1989x T.taiwanense[T x @ x genus[T x @x Trilliumx species descriptiony T.taiwanense[T y @y subgenus[T y @y Trilliumy species descriptionz T.taiwanense[T z @z sectionz ?{ T.taiwanense[T { @{ Rafinesque[T { @{ Trillium{ based on #6| T.taiwanense[T | "@| PLANT type[T | ? | herb| Ying, 1989} T.taiwanense[T } $@} foliaceousness[T } ?} scapose} genus description~ T.taiwanense[T ~ &@~ plant sexuality[T ~ ?~ bisexual~ genus description T.taiwanense[T  (@ INFLORESCENSE type[T  ? solitary Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  *@ FLOWERS #[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.taiwanense[T  ,@ composition[T  @ sepals + petals genus description T.taiwanense[T  .@ PEDICEL vertical posture[T  @ above the leaves Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  0@ root type[T  ? rhizome Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  1@ rhizome size [T  @  thick Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  2@ STEM habit[T  ?  erect Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  3@ vestiture[T  ? glabrous Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  4@ stem color[T  ?  green assumed T.taiwanense[T  5@ stem color distribution[T  ? throughout assumed T.taiwanense[T  6@ LEAF number[T  @[T  @ Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  7@ leaf location[T  ? terminal Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  8@ leaf arrangement[T  ? whorled Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  9@ leaf # whorls[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.taiwanense[T  :@ leaf attachment[T  ? short petiolate Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  ;@ leaf shape: widest point[T  ? ovate or broad ovate Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  <@ leaf shape: width (LxW)  34 average or broad based on #27 T.taiwanense[T  =@ leaf shape: sides[T  ? elliptic based on #27 T.taiwanense[T  >@ leaf margin[T  ?  entire assumed T.taiwanense[T  ?@ leaf color distribution[T  ? throughout assumed T.taiwanense[T  @@ leaf color[T  ?  green assumed T.taiwanense[T  @@ leaf lower surface[T  @ glabrous Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  A@ leaf apex type[T  ?  entire assumed T.taiwanense[T  A@ leaf apices  39 obtuse or short caudate Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  B@ leaf base type[T  ?  entire Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  B@ leaf bases[T  @ obtuse or rotundate Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  C@ leaf texture[T  @ membraneous Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  C@ leaf # main nerves  23  3 or 5 Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  D@' BRACTS [T  ?  absent genus description T.taiwanense[T  D@& sepal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.taiwanense[T  E@ SEPAL fusion[T  ? separate genus description T.taiwanense[T  E@ sepal number[T  ?[T  @ Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  F@  sepal shape: widest point[T  ?+ ovate-lanceolate or broad lanceolate Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  F@ sepal shape: width (LxW)  12 narrow or average based on #44 T.taiwanense[T  G@ sepal shape: sides[T  ? elliptic based on #44 T.taiwanense[T  G@- sepal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.taiwanense[T  H@- sepal texture [T  ? herbaceous assumed T.taiwanense[T  H@- sepal color [T  @  green assumed T.taiwanense[T  I@- sepal color distribution [T  ? throughout assumed T.taiwanense[T  I@ sepal apices  12 acuminate or acute Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  J@- sepal apex type [T  ?  entire Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  J@% petal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.taiwanense[T  K@ PETAL presence[T  ? present assumed T.taiwanense[T  K@ petal number[T  @[T  @ Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  L@, petal fusion [T  ? separate assumed T.taiwanense[T  L@  petal shape: widest point[T  @ obovate Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  M@ petal shape: width (LxW)[T  ? filiform ratio: 12.7-14 T.taiwanense[T  M@ petal shape: sides[T  @  linear based on #57 T.taiwanense[T  N@, petal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.taiwanense[T  N@ petal color  A yellow-green Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  O@, petal color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #61 T.taiwanense[T  O@, petal pigmented [T  @  no based on #61 T.taiwanense[T  P@, petal transverse posture [T  ? incurved Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  @P@, petal vertical orientation [T  @ divergent Kato & Kawano, 1995 T.taiwanense[T  P@, petal longitudinal posture [T  ? straight assumed T.taiwanense[T  P@ petal apices [T  @  obtuse Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  Q@, petal apex type [T  ?  entire based on #67 T.taiwanense[T  @Q@% stamen form [T  ?  normal assumed T.taiwanense[T  Q@ STAMEN number[T  @ 2x sepals Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  Q@- stamen fusion [T  ?  free genus description T.taiwanense[T  R@- stamen transverse posture  ? T.taiwanense[T  @R@+ stamen vertical posture  ? T.taiwanense[T  R@ ANTHERS dehiscence ? T.taiwanense[T  R@ POLLEN shape ? T.taiwanense[T  S@ POLLEN aperture ? T.taiwanense[T  @S@ POLLEN ornamentation ? T.taiwanense[T  S@ CONNECTIVE prolongation[T  ?  none Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  S@ FILAMENT color ? T.taiwanense[T  T@ POLLEN color ? T.taiwanense[T  @T@1 connective color  ? T.taiwanense[T  T@- stamen color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #79-81 T.taiwanense[T  T@% pistil form [T  ?  normal assumed T.taiwanense[T  U@ OVARY position[T  @ superior genus description T.taiwanense[T  @U@, ovary # locules  ? T.taiwanense[T  U@ ovary placentation  ? T.taiwanense[T  U@ ovary shape [T  @ depressed ovoid Ying, 1989 T.taiwanense[T  V@ ovary X-section shape  ? T.taiwanense[T  @V@, ovary # ribs  ? T.taiwanense[T  V@, ovary apex  ? T.taiwanense[T  V@ STYLE presence[T  @  absent assumed T.taiwanense[T  W@ STIGMA number [T  ?[T  @ genus description T.taiwanense[T  @W@- stigma shape  ? T.taiwanense[T  W@( stigma vertical posture  ? T.taiwanense[T  W@- stigma transverse posture  ? T.taiwanense[T  X@% stigma duration [T  @ persistent assumed T.taiwanense[T  @X@ stigma size ? T.taiwanense[T  X@, ovary color  ? T.taiwanense[T  X@6 ovary color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #98 T.taiwanense[T  Y@- stigma color  ? T.taiwanense[T  @Y@- stigma color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #100 T.taiwanense[T  Y@  PISTIL color distribution[T  ? throughout based on #100 T.taiwanense[T  Y@& FRUIT type  ?  berry T.taiwanense[T  Z@, fruit dehisence  ? indehiscent based on #103 T.taiwanense[T  @Z@& fruit shape  ? T.taiwanense[T  Z@, fruit color  ? T.taiwanense[T  Z@, fruit color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #106 T.taiwanense[T  [@& SEED arils [T  ? incomplete genus description T.taiwanense[T  @[@ endosperm development ? T.taiwanense[T  [@ cotyledon shape[T  ? strap-like assumed T.texanum[T  ? hybrid status[T  @  no assumed T.texanum[T  @ flowering time   234 March - May Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  @ chromosome number[T  ?  2n=10 assumed T.texanum[T  @ geographical area [T  @ E. North America Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  @  genus[T  @ Trillium species description T.texanum[T  @ subgenus[T  @ Trillium species description T.texanum[T  @ section[T  @ Catesbaei based on pusillum T.texanum[T  @ Rafinesque[T  @ Delostylis Rafinesque T.texanum[T  "@ PLANT type[T  ?  herb genus description T.texanum[T  $@ foliaceousness[T  ? scapose genus description T.texanum[T  &@ plant sexuality[T  ? bisexual genus description T.texanum[T  (@ INFLORESCENSE type[T  ? solitary genus description T.texanum[T  *@ FLOWERS #[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.texanum[T  ,@ composition[T  @ sepals + petals genus description T.texanum[T  .@ PEDICEL vertical posture[T  @ above the leaves Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  0@ root type[T  ? rhizome genus description T.texanum[T  1@ rhizome size [T  @ slender Kato & Kawano, 1995 T.texanum[T  2@ STEM habit[T  ?  erect assumed T.texanum[T  3@ vestiture[T  ? glabrous assumed T.texanum[T  4@ stem color[T  ?  green assumed T.texanum[T  5@ stem color distribution[T  ? throughout assumed T.texanum[T  6@ LEAF number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.texanum[T  7@ leaf location[T  ? terminal genus description T.texanum[T  8@ leaf arrangement[T  ? whorled genus description T.texanum[T  9@ leaf # whorls[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.texanum[T  :@ leaf attachment  12! sessile or short petiolate Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  ;@ leaf shape: widest point  123; narrowly lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate or oblong Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  <@ leaf shape: width (LxW)  23 narrow to average based on #27 T.texanum[T  =@ leaf shape: sides  123 elliptic to oblong based on #27 T.texanum[T  >@ leaf margin[T  ?  entire assumed T.texanum[T  ?@ leaf color distribution  14 throughout to suffused based on #32 T.texanum[T  @@ leaf color  13' green or green with a maroon hue Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  @@ leaf lower surface[T  @ glabrous assumed T.texanum[T  A@ leaf apex type[T  ?  entire assumed T.texanum[T  A@ leaf apices  34 obtuse to rounded Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  B@ leaf base type[T  ?  entire assumed T.texanum[T  B@ leaf bases[T  @ rounded based on T.pusillum T.texanum[T  C@ leaf texture[T  ? herbaceous assumed T.texanum[T  C@ leaf # main nerves[T  @[T  @ based on T.pusillum T.texanum[T  D@' BRACTS [T  ?  absent genus description T.texanum[T  D@& sepal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.texanum[T  E@ SEPAL fusion[T  ? separate genus description T.texanum[T  E@ sepal number[T  ?[T  @ genus description T.texanum[T  F@  sepal shape: widest point[T  ? lanceolate Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  F@ sepal shape: width (LxW)[T  ?  narrow based on #44 T.texanum[T  G@ sepal shape: sides[T  ? elliptic based on #44 T.texanum[T  G@- sepal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.texanum[T  H@- sepal texture [T  ? herbaceous assumed T.texanum[T  H@- sepal color [T  @  green Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  I@- sepal color distribution [T  ? throughout assumed T.texanum[T  I@ sepal apices[T  @  obtuse Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  J@- sepal apex type [T  ?  entire assumed T.texanum[T  J@% petal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.texanum[T  K@ PETAL presence[T  ? present assumed T.texanum[T  K@ petal number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.texanum[T  L@, petal fusion [T  ? separate assumed T.texanum[T  L@  petal shape: widest point[T  ?( narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  M@ petal shape: width (LxW)[T  @  narrow based on #57 T.texanum[T  M@ petal shape: sides[T  ? elliptic based on #57 T.texanum[T  N@, petal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.texanum[T  N@ petal color   14 white fading to pink Correll, et al., 1970 T.texanum[T  O@, petal color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #61 T.texanum[T  O@, petal pigmented [T  @ fading to pink based on #61! T.texanum[T ! P@,! petal transverse posture [T ! @! outcurved! based on pusillum" T.texanum[T " @P@," petal vertical orientation [T " @" divergent" live plants# T.texanum[T # P@,# petal longitudinal posture [T # ?# straight# assumed$ T.texanum[T $ P@$ petal apices [T $ @ $ acute$ Correll, et al., 1970% T.texanum[T % Q@,% petal apex type [T % ? % entire% based on #67& T.texanum[T & @Q@%& stamen form [T & ? & normal& assumed' T.texanum[T ' Q@' STAMEN number[T ' @' 2x sepals' genus description( T.texanum[T ( Q@-( stamen fusion [T ( ? ( free( genus description) T.texanum[T ) R@-) stamen transverse posture ) ?* T.texanum[T * @R@+* stamen vertical posture * ?+ T.texanum[T + R@+ ANTHERS dehiscence + 12+ lateral to introrse+ Kato & Kawano, 1995, T.texanum[T , R@, POLLEN shape[T , ?, spherical, based on T.pusillum- T.texanum[T - S@- POLLEN aperture[T - ?- omniaperturate- based on T.pusillum. T.texanum[T . @S@. POLLEN ornamentation[T . ?. granulate. based on T.pusillum/ T.texanum[T / S@/ CONNECTIVE prolongation[T / ? / none/ based on T.pusillum0 T.texanum[T 0 S@0 FILAMENT color 0 1590 white or pale green0 Correll, et al., 19701 T.texanum[T 1 T@1 POLLEN color[T 1 ? 1 yellow1 based on T.pusillum2 T.texanum[T 2 @T@12 connective color [T 2 @ 2 purple2 Correll, et al., 19703 T.texanum[T 3 T@-3 stamen color distribution [T 3 @3 throughout3 based on #79-814 T.texanum[T 4 T@%4 pistil form [T 4 ? 4 normal4 assumed5 T.texanum[T 5 U@5 OVARY position[T 5 @5 superior5 genus description6 T.texanum[T 6 @U@,6 ovary # locules 6 ?7 T.texanum[T 7 U@7 ovary placentation 7 ?8 T.texanum[T 8 U@8 ovary shape [T 8 @ 8 ovoid8 T.pusillum9 T.texanum[T 9 V@9 ovary X-section shape [T 9 ? 9 round9 T.pusillum: T.texanum[T : @V@,: ovary # ribs [T : @[T : @: T.pusillum; T.texanum[T ; V@,; ovary apex [T ; @; attenuate; T.pusillum< T.texanum[T < V@< STYLE presence[T < ?< present< Correll, et al., 1970= T.texanum[T = W@= STIGMA number [T = ?[T = @= genus description> T.texanum[T > @W@-> stigma shape > ?? T.texanum[T ? W@(? stigma vertical posture [T ? @ ? erect? T.pusillum@ T.texanum[T @ W@-@ stigma transverse posture [T @ @@ recurved@ T.pusillumA T.texanum[T A X@%A stigma duration [T A @A persistentA assumedB T.texanum[T B @X@B stigma size[T B ?B very thinB based on pusillumC T.texanum[T C X@,C ovary color [T C "@C yellowish-greenC T.pusillumD T.texanum[T D X@6D ovary color distribution [T D ?D throughoutD based on #98E T.texanum[T E Y@-E stigma color [T E @E yellowish-greenE T.pusillumF T.texanum[T F @Y@-F stigma color distribution [T F ?F throughoutF based on #100G T.texanum[T G Y@ G PISTIL color distribution[T G ?G throughoutG based on #100H T.texanum[T H Y@&H FRUIT type [T H ? H berryH Correll, et al., 1970I T.texanum[T I Z@,I fruit dehisence [T I ?I indehiscentI based on #103J T.texanum[T J @Z@&J fruit shape [T J ?J triangular-ovoidJ Correll, et al., 1970K T.texanum[T K Z@,K fruit color [T K ? K greenK T.pusillumL T.texanum[T L Z@,L fruit color distribution [T L ?L throughoutL based on #106M T.texanum[T M [@&M SEED arils [T M ?M incompleteM genus descriptionN T.texanum[T N @[@N endosperm development[T N ?N helobialN assumed -- Zomlefer 1996O T.texanum[T O [@O cotyledon shape[T O ?O strap-likeO assumedP T.tschonoskii[T P ?P hybrid status[T P @ P noP assumedQ T.tschonoskii[T Q @Q flowering time  Q 45Q May or June Q Samejima & Samejima, 1987R T.tschonoskii[T R @R chromosome number[T R @ R 2n=20R S. & S., 1987S T.tschonoskii[T S @S geographical area [T S c@0S China, Bhutan, Japan, Korea, Nepa, Sikkim*S Soukup, pers. com.; Mitchell, 1987aT T.tschonoskii[T T @ T genus[T T @T TrilliumT species descriptionU T.tschonoskii[T U @U subgenus[T U @U TrilliumU species descriptionV T.tschonoskii[T V @V section[T V @V ErectumV Gleason, 1906W T.tschonoskii[T W @W Rafinesque[T W @W TrilliumW based on #6X T.tschonoskii[T X "@X PLANT type[T X ? X herbX genus descriptionY T.tschonoskii[T Y $@Y foliaceousness[T Y ?Y scaposeY genus descriptionZ T.tschonoskii[T Z &@Z plant sexuality[T Z ?Z bisexualZ genus description[ T.tschonoskii[T [ (@[ INFLORESCENSE type[T [ ?[ solitary[ S. & S., 1987\ T.tschonoskii[T \ *@\ FLOWERS #[T \ ?[T \ ?\ genus description] T.tschonoskii[T ] ,@] composition[T ] @] sepals + petals] genus description^ T.tschonoskii[T ^ .@^ PEDICEL vertical posture[T ^ @^ above the leaves^ S. & S., 1987_ T.tschonoskii[T _ 0@_ root type[T _ ?_ rhizome_ S. & S., 1987` T.tschonoskii[T ` 1@` rhizome size [T ` @ ` thick` S. & S., 1987a T.tschonoskii[T a 2@a STEM habit[T a ? a erecta S. & S., 1987b T.tschonoskii[T b 3@b vestiture[T b ?b glabrousb S. & S., 1987c T.tschonoskii[T c 4@c stem color c 12c green or yellowish-greenc S. & S., 1987d T.tschonoskii[T d 5@d stem color distribution[T d ?d throughoutd assumede T.tschonoskii[T e 6@e LEAF number[T e @[T e @e S. & S., 1987f T.tschonoskii[T f 7@f leaf location[T f ?f terminalf genus descriptiong T.tschonoskii[T g 8@g leaf arrangement[T g ?g whorledg genus descriptionh T.tschonoskii[T h 9@h leaf # whorls[T h ?[T h ?h genus descriptioni T.tschonoskii[T i :@i leaf attachment[T i @i sessilei S. & S., 1987j T.tschonoskii[T j ;@j leaf shape: widest point[T j @+j depressedly rhombic oval or rhombatej S. & S., 1987k T.tschonoskii[T k <@k leaf shape: width (LxW) k 34k average to broadk ratio: .89-1.05l T.tschonoskii[T l =@l leaf shape: sides l 56"l rhombic to rhombic-ellipticl based on #27m T.tschonoskii[T m >@m leaf margin[T m ? m entirem assumedn T.tschonoskii[T n ?@n leaf color distribution[T n ?n throughoutn assumedo T.tschonoskii[T o @@o leaf color[T o ? o greeno assumedp T.tschonoskii[T p @@p leaf lower surface[T p  @p pubescentp herbarium sheetq T.tschonoskii[T q A@q leaf apex type[T q ? q entireq assumedr T.tschonoskii[T r A@r leaf apices[T r ?r acuminater S. & S., 1987s T.tschonoskii[T s B@s leaf base type[T s ? s entires assumedt T.tschonoskii[T t B@t leaf bases[T t @ t obtuset S. & S., 1987u T.tschonoskii[T u C@u leaf texture[T u ?u herbaceousu assumedv T.tschonoskii[T v C@v leaf # main nerves v 23 v 3 or 5v S. & S., 1987w T.tschonoskii[T w D@'w BRACTS [T w ? w absentw genus descriptionx T.tschonoskii[T x D@&x sepal form [T x ? x normalx assumedy T.tschonoskii[T y E@y SEPAL fusion[T y ?y separatey genus descriptionz T.tschonoskii[T z E@z sepal number[T z ?[T z @z genus description{ T.tschonoskii[T { F@ { sepal shape: widest point { 12'{ ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate{ S. & S., 1987| T.tschonoskii[T | F@| sepal shape: width (LxW) | 12| narrow to average| based on #44} T.tschonoskii[T } G@} sepal shape: sides } 12"} elliptic to oblong-elliptic} based on #44~ T.tschonoskii[T ~ G@-~ sepal duration [T ~ ?~ persistent~ assumed T.tschonoskii[T  H@- sepal texture [T  ? herbaceous assumed T.tschonoskii[T  H@- sepal color   68$ pale green or yellowish-green S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  I@- sepal color distribution [T  ? throughout assumed T.tschonoskii[T  I@ sepal apices  12 acuminate or acute S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  J@- sepal apex type [T  ?  entire assumed T.tschonoskii[T  J@% petal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.tschonoskii[T  K@ PETAL presence[T  ? present assumed T.tschonoskii[T  K@ petal number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.tschonoskii[T  L@, petal fusion [T  ? separate assumed T.tschonoskii[T  L@  petal shape: widest point  123' oblong ovate, ovate, or elliptic S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  M@ petal shape: width (LxW)[T  @ average ratio: 2.8-1.94 T.tschonoskii[T  M@ petal shape: sides  12" elliptic to oblong-elliptic based on #57 T.tschonoskii[T  N@, petal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.tschonoskii[T  N@ petal color [T  ?  white S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  O@, petal color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #61 T.tschonoskii[T  O@, petal pigmented [T  @  no based on #61 T.tschonoskii[T  P@, petal transverse posture [T  @ outcurved Case & Case, 1998 T.tschonoskii[T  @P@, petal vertical orientation [T  @ spreading Kato & Kawano, 1995 T.tschonoskii[T  P@, petal longitudinal posture [T  ? straight assumed T.tschonoskii[T  P@ petal apices   12 acuminate or acute S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  Q@, petal apex type [T  ?  entire based on #67 T.tschonoskii[T  @Q@% stamen form [T  ?  normal assumed T.tschonoskii[T  Q@ STAMEN number[T  @ 2x sepals S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  Q@- stamen fusion [T  ?  free genus description T.tschonoskii[T  R@- stamen transverse posture  ?  erect S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  @R@+ stamen vertical posture [T  ? straight Case & Case, 1998 T.tschonoskii[T  R@ ANTHERS dehiscence[T  ? introrse anonymous, 1991 T.tschonoskii[T  R@ POLLEN shape[T  ? spherical Takahashi, 1983 T.tschonoskii[T  S@ POLLEN aperture[T  ? omniaperturate Takahashi, 1983 T.tschonoskii[T  @S@ POLLEN ornamentation[T  ? granulate Takahashi, 1983 T.tschonoskii[T  S@ CONNECTIVE prolongation[T  @  none Kato & Kawano, 1995 T.tschonoskii[T  S@ FILAMENT color[T   @ pale greenish-yellow S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  T@ POLLEN color[T  ? pale yellow S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  @T@1 connective color [T  ? pale green S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  T@- stamen color distribution [T  @ all different based on #79-81 T.tschonoskii[T  T@% pistil form [T  ?  normal assumed T.tschonoskii[T  U@ OVARY position[T  @ superior genus description T.tschonoskii[T  @U@, ovary # locules [T  ?[T  ? S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  U@ ovary placentation [T  @ parietal S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  U@ ovary shape   34 ovoid or conical-globose S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  V@ ovary X-section shape [T  ?  round S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  @V@, ovary # ribs [T  @[T  @ S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  V@, ovary apex [T  @ attenuate S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  V@ STYLE presence[T  @  absent assumed T.tschonoskii[T  W@ STIGMA number [T  ?[T  @ S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  @W@- stigma shape  ? T.tschonoskii[T  W@( stigma vertical posture [T  ? divergent Case & Case, 1998 T.tschonoskii[T  W@- stigma transverse posture [T  @ revolute S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  X@% stigma duration [T  @ persistent S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  @X@ stigma size[T  @  thin Case & Case, 1998 T.tschonoskii[T  X@, ovary color   357M pale greenish yellow or w/ a few purplish dots or entirely dark purple S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  X@6 ovary color distribution   12 throughout based on #98 T.tschonoskii[T  Y@- stigma color [T  @ yellowish-white S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  @Y@- stigma color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #100 T.tschonoskii[T  Y@  PISTIL color distribution[T  @ geographic by part based on #100 T.tschonoskii[T  Y@& FRUIT type [T  ?  berry T.tschonoskii[T  Z@, fruit dehisence [T  ? indehiscent based on #103 T.tschonoskii[T  @Z@& fruit shape [T  @  ovoid S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  Z@, fruit color [T  ?  green S. & S., 1987 T.tschonoskii[T  Z@, fruit color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #106 T.tschonoskii[T  [@& SEED arils [T  ? incomplete genus description T.tschonoskii[T  @[@ endosperm development[T  ? helobial assumed -- Zomlefer 1996 T.tschonoskii[T  [@ cotyledon shape[T  ? strap-like assumed T.undulatum[T  ? hybrid status[T  @  no assumed T.undulatum[T  @ flowering time   345 April, May, or June  Samejima & Samejima, 1987 T.undulatum[T  @ chromosome number[T  ?  2n=10 S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  @ geographical area [T  @ E. North America S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  @  genus[T  @ Trillium species description T.undulatum[T  @ subgenus[T  @ Trillium species description T.undulatum[T  @ section[T  @ Grandiflorum Gleason, 1906 T.undulatum[T  @ Rafinesque[T  @ Trillium based on #6 T.undulatum[T  "@ PLANT type[T  ?  herb genus description T.undulatum[T  $@ foliaceousness[T  ? scapose genus description T.undulatum[T  &@ plant sexuality[T  ? bisexual genus description T.undulatum[T  (@ INFLORESCENSE type[T  ? solitary genus description T.undulatum[T  *@ FLOWERS #[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.undulatum[T  ,@ composition[T  @ sepals + petals genus description T.undulatum[T  .@ PEDICEL vertical posture[T  @ above the leaves S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  0@ root type[T  ? rhizome S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  1@ rhizome size [T  @  thick S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  2@ STEM habit[T  ?  erect S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  3@ vestiture[T  ? glabrous S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  4@ stem color  13 green or reddish-purple assumed T.undulatum[T  5@ stem color distribution[T  ? throughout assumed T.undulatum[T  6@ LEAF number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.undulatum[T  7@ leaf location[T  ? terminal genus description T.undulatum[T  8@ leaf arrangement[T  ? whorled genus description T.undulatum[T  9@ leaf # whorls[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.undulatum[T  :@ leaf attachment[T  ? petiolate S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  ;@ leaf shape: widest point[T  ?  ovate S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  <@ leaf shape: width (LxW)[T  @ average ratio: 1.51-2.33 T.undulatum[T  =@ leaf shape: sides[T  ? elliptic based on #27 T.undulatum[T  >@ leaf margin  12 entire or undulate S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  ?@ leaf color distribution[T  ? throughout assumed T.undulatum[T  @@ leaf color[T  ?  green assumed T.undulatum[T  @@ leaf lower surface[T  @ glabrous herbarium sheet T.undulatum[T  A@ leaf apex type[T  ?  entire assumed T.undulatum[T  A@ leaf apices[T  ? acuminate S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  B@ leaf base type[T  ?  entire assumed T.undulatum[T  B@ leaf bases[T  @ rounded S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  C@ leaf texture[T  ? herbaceous assumed T.undulatum[T  C@ leaf # main nerves[T  @[T  @ S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  D@' BRACTS [T  ?  absent genus description T.undulatum[T  D@& sepal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.undulatum[T  E@ SEPAL fusion[T  ? separate genus description T.undulatum[T  E@ sepal number[T  ?[T  @ genus description T.undulatum[T  F@  sepal shape: widest point[T  ? lanceolate S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  F@ sepal shape: width (LxW)[T  ?  narrow based on #44 T.undulatum[T  G@ sepal shape: sides[T  ? elliptic based on #44 T.undulatum[T  G@- sepal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.undulatum[T  H@- sepal texture [T  ? herbaceous assumed T.undulatum[T  H@- sepal color  H  green w/ purplish margins S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  I@- sepal color distribution [T  @ marginal based on #49 T.undulatum[T  I@ sepal apices[T  ? acuminate S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  J@- sepal apex type [T  ?  entire assumed T.undulatum[T  J@% petal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.undulatum[T  K@ PETAL presence[T  ? present assumed T.undulatum[T  K@ petal number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.undulatum[T  L@, petal fusion [T  ? separate assumed T.undulatum[T  L@  petal shape: widest point  12' ovate-lanceolate to oblong-ovate S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  M@ petal shape: width (LxW)  34 narrow or average based on #57 T.undulatum[T  M@ petal shape: sides  12" elliptic to oblong-elliptic based on #57 T.undulatum[T  N@, petal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.undulatum[T  N@ petal color  L white with a basal red V S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  O@, petal color distribution [T  @ geographic based on #61 T.undulatum[T  O@, petal pigmented [T  ?  yes based on #61 T.undulatum[T  P@, petal transverse posture [T  @ undulate S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  @P@, petal vertical orientation [T  @ divergent pers. obs. T.undulatum[T  P@, petal longitudinal posture [T  ? straight pers. obs. T.undulatum[T  P@ petal apices [T  @  acute S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  Q@, petal apex type [T  ?  entire based on #67 T.undulatum[T  @Q@% stamen form [T  ?  normal assumed T.undulatum[T  Q@ STAMEN number[T  @ 2x sepals genus description T.undulatum[T  Q@- stamen fusion [T  ?  free genus description T.undulatum[T  R@- stamen transverse posture [T  ? straight pers. obs. T.undulatum[T  @R@+ stamen vertical posture   12 erect to spreading pers. obs. T.undulatum[T  R@ ANTHERS dehiscence[T  @ extrorse Freeman, 1995 T.undulatum[T  R@ POLLEN shape[T  ? spherical Takahashi, 1983 T.undulatum[T  S@ POLLEN aperture[T  ? omniaperturate Takahashi, 1983 T.undulatum[T  @S@ POLLEN ornamentation[T  @ verrucate Takahashi, 1983 T.undulatum[T  S@ CONNECTIVE prolongation[T  @  none Barksdale, 1938 T.undulatum[T  S@ FILAMENT color[T  @ pinkish-white S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  T@ POLLEN color[T  @ greyish-purple S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  @T@1 connective color [T  @  pink S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  T@- stamen color distribution [T  @ pollen different based on #79-81 T.undulatum[T  T@% pistil form [T  ?  normal assumed T.undulatum[T  U@ OVARY position[T  @ superior genus description T.undulatum[T  @U@, ovary # locules [T  ?[T  ? S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  U@ ovary placentation [T  @ parietal S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  U@ ovary shape [T  @ long ovoid S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  V@ ovary X-section shape [T  ?  round S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  @V@, ovary # ribs [T  @[T  @ Barksdale, 1938 T.undulatum[T  V@, ovary apex   34 attenuate to obtuse S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  V@ STYLE presence[T  @  absent assumed T.undulatum[T  W@ STIGMA number [T  ?[T  @ S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  @W@- stigma shape [T  @ linear-subulate pers. obs. T.undulatum[T  W@( stigma vertical posture [T  ? divergent pers. obs T.undulatum[T  W@- stigma transverse posture [T  @ recurved S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  X@% stigma duration [T  @ deciduous assumed T.undulatum[T  @X@ stigma size[T  ? very thin pers. obs. T.undulatum[T  X@, ovary color  F# creamy white w/ pink at tips S. & S., 1987 T.undulatum[T  X@6 ovary color distribution [T  @ geographic based on #98! T.undulatum[T ! Y@-! stigma color [T ! @ ! pink! pers. obs." T.undulatum[T " @Y@-" stigma color distribution [T " ?" throughout" based on #100# T.undulatum[T # Y@ # PISTIL color distribution[T # @# geographic by part# based on #100$ T.undulatum[T $ Y@&$ FRUIT type [T $ ? $ berry$ Gates, 1917% T.undulatum[T % Z@,% fruit dehisence [T % ?% indehiscent% based on #103& T.undulatum[T & @Z@&& fruit shape [T & @& broadly ovoid& S. & S., 1987' T.undulatum[T ' Z@,' fruit color [T ' @' shining bright red' S. & S., 1987( T.undulatum[T ( Z@,( fruit color distribution [T ( ?( throughout( based on #106) T.undulatum[T ) [@&) SEED arils [T ) ?) incomplete) genus description* T.undulatum[T * @[@* endosperm development[T * ?* helobial* assumed -- Zomlefer 1996+ T.undulatum[T + [@+ cotyledon shape[T + ?+ strap-like+ assumed, T.vaseyi[T , ?, hybrid status[T , @ , no, assumed- T.vaseyi[T - @- flowering time  - 345- April, May, or June - Samejima & Samejima, 1987. T.vaseyi[T . @. chromosome number[T . ? . 2n=10. S. & S., 1987/ T.vaseyi[T / @/ geographical area [T / @/ E. North America/ S. & S., 19870 T.vaseyi[T 0 @ 0 genus[T 0 @0 Trillium0 species description1 T.vaseyi[T 1 @1 subgenus[T 1 @1 Trillium1 species description2 T.vaseyi[T 2 @2 section[T 2 @2 Erectum2 Patrick, 19843 T.vaseyi[T 3 @3 Rafinesque[T 3 @3 Trillium3 based on #64 T.vaseyi[T 4 "@4 PLANT type[T 4 ? 4 herb4 genus description5 T.vaseyi[T 5 $@5 foliaceousness[T 5 ?5 scapose5 genus description6 T.vaseyi[T 6 &@6 plant sexuality[T 6 ?6 bisexual6 genus description7 T.vaseyi[T 7 (@7 INFLORESCENSE type[T 7 ?7 solitary7 genus description8 T.vaseyi[T 8 *@8 FLOWERS #[T 8 ?[T 8 ?8 genus description9 T.vaseyi[T 9 ,@9 composition[T 9 @9 sepals + petals9 genus description: T.vaseyi[T : .@: PEDICEL vertical posture : 34: horizontal or declined: S. & S., 1987; T.vaseyi[T ; 0@; root type[T ; ?; rhizome; S. & S., 1987< T.vaseyi[T < 1@< rhizome size [T < @ < thick< S. & S., 1987= T.vaseyi[T = 2@= STEM habit[T = ? = erect= S. & S., 1987> T.vaseyi[T > 3@> vestiture[T > ?> glabrous> S. & S., 1987? T.vaseyi[T ? 4@? stem color[T ? ?? pale green? S. & S., 1987@ T.vaseyi[T @ 5@@ stem color distribution[T @ ?@ throughout@ assumedA T.vaseyi[T A 6@A LEAF number[T A @[T A @A genus descriptionB T.vaseyi[T B 7@B leaf location[T B ?B terminalB genus descriptionC T.vaseyi[T C 8@C leaf arrangement[T C ?C whorledC genus descriptionD T.vaseyi[T D 9@D leaf # whorls[T D ?[T D ?D genus descriptionE T.vaseyi[T E :@E leaf attachment[T E @E sessileE S. & S., 1987F T.vaseyi[T F ;@F leaf shape: widest point F 123'F broadly ovate to broadly rhombicF S. & S., 1987G T.vaseyi[T G <@G leaf shape: width (LxW)[T G @ G broadG based on #27H T.vaseyi[T H =@H leaf shape: sides H 156*H elliptic, elliptic-rhombic, rhombicH based on #27I T.vaseyi[T I >@I leaf margin[T I ? I entireI assumedJ T.vaseyi[T J ?@J leaf color distribution[T J ?J throughoutJ assumedK T.vaseyi[T K @@K leaf color[T K ? K greenK assumedL T.vaseyi[T L @@L leaf lower surface[T L @L glabrousL herbarium sheetM T.vaseyi[T M A@M leaf apex type[T M ? M entireM assumedN T.vaseyi[T N A@N leaf apices[T N ?N slightly acuminateN S. & S., 1987O T.vaseyi[T O B@O leaf base type[T O ? O entireO assumedP T.vaseyi[T P B@P leaf bases P 34P obtuse or roundedP S. & S., 1987Q T.vaseyi[T Q C@Q leaf texture[T Q ?Q herbaceousQ assumedR T.vaseyi[T R C@R leaf # main nerves R 23 R 3-5R S. & S., 1987S T.vaseyi[T S D@'S BRACTS [T S ? S absentS genus descriptionT T.vaseyi[T T D@&T sepal form [T T ? T normalT assumedU T.vaseyi[T U E@U SEPAL fusion[T U ?U separateU genus descriptionV T.vaseyi[T V E@V sepal number[T V ?[T V @V genus descriptionW T.vaseyi[T W F@ W sepal shape: widest point[T W ?W lanceolateW S. & S., 1987X T.vaseyi[T X F@X sepal shape: width (LxW)[T X ? X narrowX based on #44Y T.vaseyi[T Y G@Y sepal shape: sides[T Y ?Y ellipticY based on #44Z T.vaseyi[T Z G@-Z sepal duration [T Z ?Z persistentZ assumed[ T.vaseyi[T [ H@-[ sepal texture [T [ ?[ herbaceous[ assumed\ T.vaseyi[T \ H@-\ sepal color [T \ @\ pale green\ S. & S., 1987] T.vaseyi[T ] I@-] sepal color distribution [T ] ?] throughout] assumed^ T.vaseyi[T ^ I@^ sepal apices[T ^ ?^ acuminate^ S. & S., 1987_ T.vaseyi[T _ J@-_ sepal apex type [T _ ? _ entire_ assumed` T.vaseyi[T ` J@%` petal form [T ` ? ` normal` assumeda T.vaseyi[T a K@a PETAL presence[T a ?a presenta assumedb T.vaseyi[T b K@b petal number[T b @[T b @b genus descriptionc T.vaseyi[T c L@,c petal fusion [T c ?c separatec assumedd T.vaseyi[T d L@ d petal shape: widest point d 12d pvate or orbicular-ovated S. & S., 1987e T.vaseyi[T e M@e petal shape: width (LxW) e 45e average to broade based on #57f T.vaseyi[T f M@f petal shape: sides[T f ?f ellipticf based on #57g T.vaseyi[T g N@,g petal duration [T g ?g persistentg assumedh T.vaseyi[T h N@h petal color  h 69$h reddish-purple or dark purpleh pers. obs.i T.vaseyi[T i O@,i petal color distribution [T i ?i throughouti based on #61j T.vaseyi[T j O@,j petal pigmented [T j ? j yesj based on #61k T.vaseyi[T k P@,k petal transverse posture [T k @k outcurvedk pers. obsl T.vaseyi[T l @P@,l petal vertical orientation [T l @l divergentl pers. obsm T.vaseyi[T m P@,m petal longitudinal posture [T m ?m straightm pers. obsn T.vaseyi[T n P@n petal apices [T n @ n acuten S. & S., 1987o T.vaseyi[T o Q@,o petal apex type [T o ? o entireo based on #67p T.vaseyi[T p @Q@%p stamen form [T p ? p normalp assumedq T.vaseyi[T q Q@q STAMEN number[T q @q 2x sepalsq genus descriptionr T.vaseyi[T r Q@-r stamen fusion [T r ? r freer genus descriptions T.vaseyi[T s R@-s stamen transverse posture s ?t T.vaseyi[T t @R@+t stamen vertical posture t ?u T.vaseyi[T u R@u ANTHERS dehiscence[T u ?u introrseu pers. obs.v T.vaseyi[T v R@v POLLEN shape[T v ?v sphericalv Takahashi, 1983w T.vaseyi[T w S@w POLLEN aperture[T w ?w omniaperturatew Takahashi, 1983x T.vaseyi[T x @S@x POLLEN ornamentation[T x ?x granulatex Takahashi, 1983y T.vaseyi[T y S@y CONNECTIVE prolongation[T y ? y noney pers. obs.z T.vaseyi[T z S@z FILAMENT color[T z @ z purplez Case & Case, 1998{ T.vaseyi[T { T@{ POLLEN color[T { ? { yellow{ S. & S., 1987| T.vaseyi[T | @T@1| connective color [T | @ | purple| pers. obs.} T.vaseyi[T } T@-} stamen color distribution [T } @} throughout} based on #79-81~ T.vaseyi[T ~ T@%~ pistil form [T ~ ? ~ normal~ assumed T.vaseyi[T  U@ OVARY position[T  @ superior genus description T.vaseyi[T  @U@, ovary # locules [T  ?[T  ? S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  U@ ovary placentation [T  @ parietal S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  U@ ovary shape [T  @  ovoid S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  V@ ovary X-section shape [T  @  ridged3 Samejima & Samejima, 1987; Patrick -- wings) T.vaseyi[T  @V@, ovary # ribs [T  @[T  @ S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  V@, ovary apex [T  A@ octuse to attenuate S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  V@ STYLE presence[T  @  absent assumed T.vaseyi[T  W@ STIGMA number [T  ?[T  @ S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  @W@- stigma shape [T  @ dubulate S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  W@( stigma vertical posture   12 divergent to erect S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  W@- stigma transverse posture [T  @ recurved S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  X@% stigma duration [T  @ persistent assumed T.vaseyi[T  @X@ stigma size[T  @  thin S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  X@, ovary color [T  @& reddish-purple/rose-purple/wine S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  X@6 ovary color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #98 T.vaseyi[T  Y@- stigma color  F purple, yelllow in live plants T.vaseyi[T  @Y@- stigma color distribution [T  @ throughout based on #100 T.vaseyi[T  Y@  PISTIL color distribution[T  @ throughout based on #100 T.vaseyi[T  Y@& FRUIT type [T  ?  berry T.vaseyi[T  Z@, fruit dehisence [T  ? indehiscent based on #103 T.vaseyi[T  @Z@& fruit shape [T  @  ovoid S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  Z@, fruit color  A deep purple S. & S., 1987 T.vaseyi[T  Z@, fruit color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #106 T.vaseyi[T  [@& SEED arils [T  ? incomplete genus description T.vaseyi[T  @[@ endosperm development[T  ? helobial assumed -- Zomlefer 1996 T.vaseyi[T  [@ cotyledon shape[T  ? strap-like assumed T.virginianum[T  ? hybrid status[T  @  no assumed T.virginianum[T  @ flowering time [T  @  April Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  @ chromosome number[T  ?  2n=10 assumed T.virginianum[T  @ geographical area [T  @ E. North America Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  @  genus[T  @ Trillium species description T.virginianum[T  @ subgenus[T  @ Trillium species description T.virginianum[T  @ section[T  @ Catesbaei based on pusillum T.virginianum[T  @ Rafinesque[T  @ Delostylis Rafinesque T.virginianum[T  "@ PLANT type[T  ?  herb Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  $@ foliaceousness[T  ? scapose genus description T.virginianum[T  &@ plant sexuality[T  ? bisexual genus description T.virginianum[T  (@ INFLORESCENSE type[T  ? solitary genus description T.virginianum[T  *@ FLOWERS #[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.virginianum[T  ,@ composition[T  @ sepals + petals genus description T.virginianum[T  .@ PEDICEL vertical posture  25 above the leaves or none Cabe, 1995 (0-6mm) T.virginianum[T  0@ root type[T  ? rhizome Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  1@ rhizome size [T  @ slender Kato & Kawano, 1995 T.virginianum[T  2@ STEM habit[T  ?  erect assumed T.virginianum[T  3@ vestiture[T  ? glabrous assumed T.virginianum[T  4@ stem color[T   @  green above, purple below Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  5@ stem color distribution[T  @ geographic based on #20 T.virginianum[T  6@ LEAF number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.virginianum[T  7@ leaf location[T  ? terminal genus description T.virginianum[T  8@ leaf arrangement[T  ? whorled genus description T.virginianum[T  9@ leaf # whorls[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.virginianum[T  :@ leaf attachment  23 sus-sessile or sessile Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  ;@ leaf shape: widest point  1354 lanceolate-elliptic, oblong or rarely obovate Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  <@ leaf shape: width (LxW)  23 narrow to average ratio: 3-3.4 T.virginianum[T  =@ leaf shape: sides  13  elliptic-oblong to oblong based on #27 T.virginianum[T  >@ leaf margin[T  ?  entire assumed T.virginianum[T  ?@ leaf color distribution  14( throughout or suffused with green based on #32 T.virginianum[T  @@ leaf color  13, green, ocassionally with a maroon hue Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  @@ leaf lower surface[T  @ glabrous assumed T.virginianum[T  A@ leaf apex type[T  ?  entire assumed T.virginianum[T  A@ leaf apices  23# obtuse to occasionally acute Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  B@ leaf base type[T  ?  entire assumed T.virginianum[T  B@ leaf bases[T  ? cuneate Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  C@ leaf texture[T  ? herbaceous assumed T.virginianum[T  C@ leaf # main nerves  23  3 or 5 Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  D@' BRACTS [T  ?  absent genus description T.virginianum[T  D@& sepal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.virginianum[T  E@ SEPAL fusion[T  ? separate genus description T.virginianum[T  E@ sepal number[T  ?[T  @ genus description T.virginianum[T  F@  sepal shape: widest point  13 lanceolate or oblong Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  F@ sepal shape: width (LxW)  12 narrow or average# based on #44; ratio: 2.7-3.5 T.virginianum[T  G@ sepal shape: sides  13 elliptic or oblong based on #44 T.virginianum[T  G@- sepal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.virginianum[T  H@- sepal texture [T  ? herbaceous assumed T.virginianum[T  H@- sepal color [T  @  green assumed T.virginianum[T  I@- sepal color distribution [T  ? throughout assumed T.virginianum[T  I@ sepal apices  38 obtuse or emarginate Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  J@- sepal apex type [T  ?  entire assumed T.virginianum[T  J@% petal form [T  ?  normal assumed T.virginianum[T  K@ PETAL presence[T  ? present assumed T.virginianum[T  K@ petal number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.virginianum[T  L@, petal fusion [T  ? separate assumed T.virginianum[T  L@  petal shape: widest point[T  ? lanceolate Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  M@ petal shape: width (LxW)[T  @  narrow based on #57 T.virginianum[T  M@ petal shape: sides[T  ? elliptic based on #57 T.virginianum[T  N@, petal duration [T  ? persistent assumed T.virginianum[T  N@ petal color   14( white or pink fading to rose-pink Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  O@, petal color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #61 T.virginianum[T  O@, petal pigmented   23 no or fading to pink based on #61 T.virginianum[T  P@, petal transverse posture [T  @ undulate Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  @P@, petal vertical orientation [T  @ divergent Kato & Kawano, 1995 T.virginianum[T  P@, petal longitudinal posture [T  ? straight assumed T.virginianum[T  P@ petal apices   39 obtuse or emarginate Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  Q@, petal apex type [T  ?  entire based on #67 T.virginianum[T  @Q@% stamen form [T  ?  normal assumed T.virginianum[T  Q@ STAMEN number[T  @ 2x sepals genus description T.virginianum[T  Q@- stamen fusion [T  ?  free genus description T.virginianum[T  R@- stamen transverse posture  ? T.virginianum[T  @R@+ stamen vertical posture  ? T.virginianum[T  R@ ANTHERS dehiscence ? T.virginianum[T  R@ POLLEN shape[T  ? spherical T.pusillum T.virginianum[T  S@ POLLEN aperture[T  ? omniaperturate T.pusillum T.virginianum[T  @S@ POLLEN ornamentation[T  ? granulage T.pusillum T.virginianum[T  S@ CONNECTIVE prolongation[T  ?  none Kato & Kawano, 1995 T.virginianum[T  S@ FILAMENT color[T  "@  white Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  T@ POLLEN color  1C yellow or orange Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum      !"#$[T  @T@1 connective color   38# purple or occasionally white Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  T@- stamen color distribution   23( pollen different or all different based on #79-81 T.virginianum[T  T@% pistil form [T  ?  normal assumed T.virginianum[T  U@ OVARY position[T  @ superior genus description T.virginianum[T  @U@, ovary # locules  ? T.virginianum[T  U@ ovary placentation  ? T.virginianum[T  U@ ovary shape [T  @  ovoid T.pusillum T.virginianum[T  V@ ovary X-section shape [T  @  angled Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  @V@, ovary # ribs [T  @[T  @ Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  V@, ovary apex [T  @ attenuate T.pusillum T.virginianum[T  V@ STYLE presence[T  ? present Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  W@ STIGMA number [T  ?[T  @ genus description T.virginianum[T  @W@- stigma shape  ? T.virginianum[T  W@( stigma vertical posture   12$ erect to divergent (with age) Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  W@- stigma transverse posture [T  @ recurved T.pusillum T.virginianum[T  X@% stigma duration [T  @ persistent assumed T.virginianum[T  @X@ stigma size[T  ? very thin based on pusillum T.virginianum[T  X@, ovary color   36 pale purple or white Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  X@6 ovary color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #98 T.virginianum[T  Y@- stigma color [T  @ creamy white Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  @Y@- stigma color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #100 T.virginianum[T  Y@  PISTIL color distribution  12' throughout or geographic by part based on #100 T.virginianum[T  Y@& FRUIT type [T  @ capsule Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  Z@, fruit dehisence [T  ? indehiscent based on pusillum T.virginianum[T  @Z@& fruit shape   34 rounded or ovoid Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  Z@, fruit color   1G green or white Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  Z@, fruit color distribution [T  ? throughout based on #106 T.virginianum[T  [@& SEED arils [T  ? incomplete Cabe, 1995 T.virginianum[T  @[@ endosperm development[T  ? helobial assumed -- Zomlefer 1996 T.virginianum[T  [@ cotyledon shape[T  ? strap-like assumed T.yezoense[T  ? hybrid status[T  ?  yes  Samejima & Samejima, 1987 T.yezoense[T  @ flowering time [T  @  May S. & S., 1987 T.yezoense[T  @ chromosome number[T  @  2n=15 S. & S., 1987 T.yezoense[T  @ geographical area [T  @  Japan Mitchell, 1987a T.yezoense[T  @  genus[T  @ Trillium species description T.yezoense[T  @ subgenus[T  @ Trillium species description T.yezoense[T  @ section ? T.yezoense[T  @ Rafinesque[T  @ Trillium based on #6 T.yezoense[T  "@ PLANT type[T  ?  herb genus description T.yezoense[T  $@ foliaceousness[T  ? scapose genus description T.yezoense[T  &@ plant sexuality[T  ? bisexual genus description T.yezoense[T  (@ INFLORESCENSE type[T  ? solitary genus description T.yezoense[T  *@ FLOWERS #[T  ?[T  ? genus description T.yezoense[T  ,@ composition[T  @ sepals + petals genus description T.yezoense[T  .@ PEDICEL vertical posture[T  @ above the leaves S. & S., 1987 T.yezoense[T  0@ root type[T  ? rhizome S. & S., 1987 T.yezoense[T  1@ rhizome size [T  @  thick S. & S., 1987 T.yezoense[T  2@ STEM habit[T  ?  erect S. & S., 1987 T.yezoense[T  3@ vestiture[T  ? glabrous S. & S., 1987 T.yezoense[T  4@ stem color[T  ?  green S. & S., 1987 T.yezoense[T  5@ stem color distribution[T  ? throughout assumed T.yezoense[T  6@ LEAF number[T  @[T  @ genus description T.yezoense[T  7@ leaf location[T  ? terminal genus description T.yezoense[T  8@ leaf arrangement[T  ? whorled genus description T.yezoense[T  9@ leaf # whorls[T  ?[T  ? genus description! T.yezoense[T ! :@! leaf attachment[T ! @! sessile! S. & S., 1987" T.yezoense[T " ;@" leaf shape: widest point[T " @$" delressedly rhombic-orbicular" S. & S., 1987# T.yezoense[T # <@# leaf shape: width (LxW) # 56)# very broad or depressed/transverse# based on #27$ T.yezoense[T $ =@$ leaf shape: sides[T $ @$ rhombic-elliptic$ based on #27% T.yezoense[T % >@% leaf margin[T % ? % entire% assumed& T.yezoense[T & ?@& leaf color distribution[T & ?& throughout& assumed' T.yezoense[T ' @@' leaf color[T ' ? ' green' assumed( T.yezoense[T ( @@( leaf lower surface[T ( @( glabrous( assumed) T.yezoense[T ) A@) leaf apex type[T ) ? ) entire) assumed* T.yezoense[T * A@* leaf apices[T * @* cuspidate* S. & S., 1987+ T.yezoense[T + B@+ leaf base type[T + ? + entire+ assumed, T.yezoense[T , B@, leaf bases[T , @, rounded, S. & S., 1987- T.yezoense[T - C@- leaf texture[T - ?- herbaceous- assumed. T.yezoense[T . C@. leaf # main nerves . 23 . 3 or 5. S. & S., 1987/ T.yezoense[T / D@'/ BRACTS [T / ? / absent/ genus description0 T.yezoense[T 0 D@&0 sepal form [T 0 ? 0 normal0 assumed1 T.yezoense[T 1 E@1 SEPAL fusion[T 1 ?1 separate1 genus description2 T.yezoense[T 2 E@2 sepal number[T 2 ?[T 2 @2 genus description3 T.yezoense[T 3 F@ 3 sepal shape: widest point[T 3 ? 3 ovate3 S. & S., 19874 T.yezoense[T 4 F@4 sepal shape: width (LxW)[T 4 @4 average4 based on #445 T.yezoense[T 5 G@5 sepal shape: sides[T 5 ?5 elliptic5 based on #446 T.yezoense[T 6 G@-6 sepal duration [T 6 ?6 persistent6 assumed7 T.yezoense[T 7 H@-7 sepal texture [T 7 ?7 herbaceous7 assumed8 T.yezoense[T 8 H@-8 sepal color  8 46H48 green or purplish-green; margin almost purple8 S. & S., 19879 T.yezoense[T 9 I@-9 sepal color distribution  9 139 throughout or marginal9 based on #49: T.yezoense[T : I@: sepal apices : 27: acute or cuspidate: S. & S., 1987; T.yezoense[T ; J@-; sepal apex type [T ; ? ; entire; assumed< T.yezoense[T < J@%< petal form  < 134< normal or staminoid< S. & S., 1987= T.yezoense[T = K@= PETAL presence = 12= present or absent> T.yezoense[T > K@> petal number > 12 > 0-3> S. & S., 1987? T.yezoense[T ? L@,? petal fusion [T ? ?? separate? assumed@ T.yezoense[T @ L@ @ petal shape: widest point @ 12@ ovate to ovate-orbicular@ S. & S., 1987A T.yezoense[T A M@A petal shape: width (LxW) A 456A average to very broadA based on #57B T.yezoense[T B M@B petal shape: sides[T B ?B ellipticB based on #57C T.yezoense[T C N@,C petal duration [T C ?C persistentC assumedD T.yezoense[T D N@D petal color [T D "@'D reddish-purple/rose-purple/wineD S. & S., 1987E T.yezoense[T E O@,E petal color distribution [T E ?E throughoutE based on #61F T.yezoense[T F O@,F petal pigmented  F 12 F yesF based on #61G T.yezoense[T G P@,G petal transverse posture [T G @G spreadingG S. & S., 1987H T.yezoense[T H @P@,H petal vertical orientation [T H ?H straightH S. & S., 1987I T.yezoense[T I P@,I petal longitudinal posture [T I ?I straightI assumedJ T.yezoense[T J P@J petal apices J AJ mucronateJ S. & S., 1987K T.yezoense[T K Q@,K petal apex type [T K @+K mid-rib, mid-vein, or vein extensionK based on #67L T.yezoense[T L @Q@%L stamen form [T L ? L normalL assumedM T.yezoense[T M Q@M STAMEN number[T M @M 2x sepalsM S. & S., 1987N T.yezoense[T N Q@-N stamen fusion [T N ? N freeN genus descriptionO T.yezoense[T O R@-O stamen transverse posture [T O ?O straightO S. & S., 1987P T.yezoense[T P @R@+P stamen vertical posture [T P ? P erectP S. & S., 1987Q T.yezoense[T Q R@Q ANTHERS dehiscenceQ ?R T.yezoense[T R R@R POLLEN shape R 13R spherical or irregularR Takahashi, 1983S T.yezoense[T S S@S POLLEN aperture[T S ?S omniaperturateS Takahashi, 1983T T.yezoense[T T @S@T POLLEN ornamentation[T T ?T granulateT Takahashi, 1983U T.yezoense[T U S@U CONNECTIVE prolongationU ?V T.yezoense[T V S@V FILAMENT color[T V @V pale or dark purpleV S. & S., 1987W T.yezoense[T W T@W POLLEN color W 16W yellow or pale purpleW S. & S., 1987X T.yezoense[T X @T@1X connective color [T X @X pale to dark purpleX S. & S., 1987Y T.yezoense[T Y T@-Y stamen color distribution  Y 12%Y throughout or pollen differentY based on #79-81Z T.yezoense[T Z T@%Z pistil form [T Z ? Z normalZ assumed[ T.yezoense[T [ U@[ OVARY position[T [ @[ superior[ genus description\ T.yezoense[T \ @U@,\ ovary # locules [T \ ?[T \ ?\ S. & S., 1987] T.yezoense[T ] U@] ovary placentation [T ] @] parietal] S. & S., 1987^ T.yezoense[T ^ U@^ ovary shape  ^ 13^ conical or conical-ovoid^ S. & S., 1987_ T.yezoense[T _ V@_ ovary X-section shape [T _ @ _ ridged_ S. & S., 1987` T.yezoense[T ` @V@,` ovary # ribs [T ` @[T ` @` S. & S., 1987a T.yezoense[T a V@,a ovary apex [T a @a attenuatea S. & S., 1987b T.yezoense[T b V@b STYLE presence[T b @ b absentb assumedc T.yezoense[T c W@c STIGMA number [T c ?[T c @c S. & S., 1987d T.yezoense[T d @W@-d stigma shape d ?e T.yezoense[T e W@(e stigma vertical posture [T e ?e divergente S. & S., 1987f T.yezoense[T f W@-f stigma transverse posture [T f @f revolutef S. & S., 1987g T.yezoense[T g X@%g stigma duration [T g @g persistentg assumedh T.yezoense[T h @X@h stigma size[T h @ h thini T.yezoense[T i X@,i ovary color  i 3CD\i cream yellow, pale greenish-yellow or dark purple w/ purple dots; dark purple at tipsi S. & S., 1987j T.yezoense[T j X@6j ovary color distribution  j 124(j throughout, spotted or geographicj based on #98k T.yezoense[T k Y@-k stigma color  k 25k purple or yellowk S. & S., 1987l T.yezoense[T l @Y@-l stigma color distribution [T l ?l throughoutl based on #100m T.yezoense[T m Y@ m PISTIL color distribution m 23m geographic by partm based on #100n T.yezoense[T n Y@&n FRUIT type [T n ? n berryo T.yezoense[T o Z@,o fruit dehisence [T o ?o indehiscento based on #103p T.yezoense[T p @Z@&p fruit shape  p 13 p depressedly conical-ovoidp S. & S., 1987q T.yezoense[T q Z@,q fruit color  q 1A4q pale green or dark purple w/ dark purple dotsq S. & S., 1987r T.yezoense[T r Z@,r fruit color distribution  r 12r throughoutr based on #106s T.yezoense[T s [@&s SEED arils [T s ?s incompletes genus descriptiont T.yezoense[T t @[@t endosperm development[T t ?t helobialt assumed -- Zomlefer 1996u T.yezoense[T u [@u cotyledon shape[T u ?u strap-likeu assumed|| # CompObjE