Figure 3. Cladograms based on molecular analysis by M.Chase

            
                                                                                          
                                   /------------------- Chionographis                     
                           /-------|                                                      
                           |       \--------- Chamaelirium                                
                           |                                                              
            /--------------|          /----------- Helonias                               
            |              \----------|                                                   
            |                         \----------- Heloniopsis                            
            |                                                                             
            |                                           /----------- Veratrum maackii     
            |                                       /---|                                 
            |                                       |   \----------------------- V. album 
            |                                  /----|                                     
            |                                  |    \- Veratrum                           
            |      /---------------------------|                                          
            |      |                           |  /------- Amianthum                      
            |      |                           \--|                                       
            |      |                              \----- Zigadenus                        
            |      |                                                                      
            \------|      /------------------- Xerophyllum                                
                   |      |                                                               
                   |      |                                                               
                   |      |                                     /- T. kamtschaticum       
                   |      |                                 /---|                         
                   |      |                                 |   \---- Paris polyphylla    
                   \------|                               /-|                             
                          |                               | \-- Trillium sessile          
                          |                            /--|                               
                          |                            |  \- Kinugasa (P.japonica)       
                          |                       /----|                                  
                          |                       |    \---- Paris tetraphylla            
                          \-----------------------|                                       
                                                  \---------- Trillium erectum